Stars pt.1
What does every life cycle of a star start out as?
Nebula
What stage is our sun in right now?
main sequence
When will something sink or float in water? In other words, what does it depend on?
the density of the object
What is wavelength and what are its units?
the distance from one crest to the next and meters (m)
What subatomic particle is responsible for forming ions? For isotopes?
electrons
neutrons
the creation of a nucleus (synthesis: the creation of; nucleo: nucleus)
What is the definition of nuclear fusion?
Two or more atoms coming together to form one atom of a different element
What are the units of mass, volume, and density?
Mass: g
Volume: mL, cm3
Density: g/mL; g/cm3
What is the most dangerous/radioactive wave on the spectrum?
gamma rays
Of the three types of chemical bonds (ionic, covalent, & metallic), NaCl is a ________ bond.
ionic
Where does the hydrogen fusion begin in the life cycle? Remember: has to reach 10mil degrees Kelvin
protostar / main sequence
(protostar reaches 10mil degrees and starts fusion, then becomes classified as a main sequence star)
A low mass star fuses up to the element ______;
a high mass start fuses up to the element _______;
carbon
iron
Note: anything past iron is made from explosions of supernovas
Calculate the density of a liquid that has a mass of 28.4 g and a volume of 6.2 mL.
4.58 g/mL
If something has high energy, describe the wavelength and the frequency.
short wavelengths, high frequency
Name 3 of the 5 families of the periodic table
alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, noble gases
Name the order of the low mass (sun-like) star life cycle
Red giant - planetary nebula - white dwarf - black dwarf
Name the order of the high mass (massive) star life cycle
red supergiant - supernova - neutron star or black hole
What is the volume of a marble that has a mass of 43g and a density of 32 g/mL?
1.34 mL
What type of wave from the electromagnetic spectrum has to do with heat?
infrared
How many valence electrons does C, Br, and Mg have respectively?
Give a brief summary/description of what happens in a high mass (massive) star life cycle...
red super: burns elements up to Fe, then explodes into a supernova
supernova: creates elements heavier than iron
neutron star: supernova core is 1.5-3 solar masses
black hole: supernova core is >3 solar masses; nothing can escape it
Give a brief summary/description of what happens in a low mass (sun-like) star life cycle...
red giant: helium fusion, star expands
planetary nebula: results from outer layers of red giant blown off
white dwarf: remaining core that hasn't drifted off
black dwarf: a white dwarf with no fuel/heat
A rock with the density of 2.85 g/mL is placed into a graduated cylinder with 70 mL. The rock displaces 10 mL, what is the mass?
28.5 g
List the waves of the spectrum in order from longest wavelength to shortest...
visible light, microwaves, radio, ultraviolet, gamma rays, infrared, x-rays
radio, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma ray
Determine the number of the subatomic particles (protons, electrons, & neutrons) of...
Calcium-43
*hint* Ca has atomic number of 20
protons = 20
electrons = 20
neutrons = 43