Glands
What are the 2 different MAIN types of glands?
- Erricine (merocrine) sweat glands
- Apocrine Sweat glands
Name 3 functions of the integumentary system
- Protection
- Body temperature regulation
- Metabolic functions
-Blood reservoir
-Excretion
What are the 2 modified apocrine sweat glands called?
What type of secretion do they do? And what does that mean?
Cerumen & mammary glands
Apocrine; Pieces pinch off the apical surface. cell repairs and does it again
What is the only layer that is in thick skin?
What are the 2 places where you find thick skin?
Stratum Lucidum; palms of hands and soles of feet
What cavities reside in the thoracic cavity?
pleural & pericardial cavity
Which gland is most numerous; abundant in the soles, palms, and forehead; Brought to surface of the skin by a pore
Eccrine sweat glands
what are the three different types of protection the integumentary system provides?
- Physical
- Chemical
- Biological
Random Question:
What are the derivatives of the skin?
- Cutaneous glands
* sweat & sebaceous
- Hair and hair follicles
- Nails
What structure PHYSICALLY separates the epidermis from the dermis?
the basement membrane
external ear and epiglottis are examples of what type of tissue?
elastic cartilage
What type of secretion does and exocrine sweat gland use? and what does that type of secretion do specifically?
- Merocrine gland
-product packaged into vesicles and released by exocytosis (least amount of damage)
What does it mean that the integumentary system is a physical barrier that helps protect the body
Dead keratin of the stratum corneum physically protect the body by:
- protecting underlying tissue from abrasion
- first line of defense against pathogens
- protects from water loss
- Limits penetration (selective permeability)
What glands are found in all areas except the palms and soles?
What do they secrete?
Sebaceous glands
Sebum
What is the papillary layer composed of?
What is it good for?
Areolar connective tissue
contains blood capillaries which supply nutrients to the epidermis. Contain nerve endings and touch receptors
What is the function of elastic connective tissue?
Where is it found?
- allows for stretch and recoil because of high proportion of elastic fibers
located in: walls of large arteries, vocal chords, bronchial tubes
What type of gland do you find in the axillary and pubic region; duct transports sweat into a hair follicle; It starts to function at puberty
Apocrine sweat glands
What are the 2 methods of chemical barriers that are used to protect the skin?
-skin secretion (sweat & oil)
-melanin protects against UV damage
What method of secretion does a sebaceous gland use?
Holocene gland; whole cell ruptures (most damage)
What is the reticular layer composed of?
What type of fibers are found present here?
dense irregular tissue
collagen & elastic
What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?
where can it be found?
- secretion and absorption
- kidney tubules, secretory portion of small glands and ducts
What is the function of sweating? And what type of homeostasis feedback is this?
Thermoregulation, excretion of waste, protection from microbes
Negative feedback
What is an example of a biological barrier that the integumentary system uses as protection?
- dendritic cells of epidermis (present foreign antigens to cells of adaptive immune system)
- macrophage of dermis hunt and phagocytize foreign material
- white blood cells patrol skin tissue
What are the 3 functions of sebaceous glands?
- softens and lubricates hair and skin
- slows water loss from skin
- antimicrobial - acts as bactericide
What is the karatinizing system? Name the steps
How skin cells are made (from mitosis - cell death);
keratohyalin -> eleidin -> keratin -> exfoliation
Sweating is what kind of homeostatic feedback system?
what is the receptor, control center, and effector in this situation
-negative feedback
- receptor: termoreceptors in skin
- control center: hypothalamus
effector: sweat glands