Protection from UV
What cells are involved in melanin formation?
Melanocytes and keratinocytes
What does Desquamation mean?
The constant shedding of keratinocytes from the
epidermis
What is the function of a nociceptor?
Detects pain, itch, or tickle
What do Sebaceous glands secrete?
secretes sebum
I decided to go for in the middle of a swamp (Florida) doing the summer, it is very humid, what type of heat loss is most likely not occurring?
Evaporation, atmosphere is already very full of moisture, more than likely not absorbing more moisture from you
Why is it important that melanin protects the keratocyte's nucleus?
Protects DNA from UV damage and becoming mutated
How does surface film protect the body from bacteria?
Surface film acts as a physical barrier to block bacteria from entering and also has antimicrobial properties, making the surface of the skin inhospitable for bacteria.
In what layer can you find Pacinian corpuscles?
hypodermis
How do blackheards form?
hair follicle opening gets blocked with sebum
Amy went for a run on a hot summer day, Amy started to sweat, what component of the negative feedback loop is making her body sweat?
Effector (Sweat Glands)
What is the difference between Eumelanin and Pheomelanin?
Eumelanin produces a darker black color, while pheomelanin produces a dusty reddish/orange color
What mechanism do epidermal dendritic cells use to protect your skin from pathogens?
They use phagocytosis to engulf and destroy bacteria
What is the function of Pacinian corpuscles?
Detects deep touch, stretch, and high frequency vibration
Explain the difference between blackheads and pimples.
Blackheads are when sebum gets trapped, pimples form when a pimple gets irritated
What are the 3 ways your body cools itself?
Radiation Heat Loss, Evaporation Heat Loss, Convection Heat Loss
Which is more important in determining skin color, the number of melanocytes or the amount of melanin?
The amount of melanin is most important for determining skin color. All humans have a very similar number of melanocytes, it just about how much melanin that cell produces that affects skin color.
What is keratin, and where in the body can you find it?
Keratin is dead skin cells, found in hair, nails, and in large quantities in thick skin
What are the similar an difffrences in function between Meissner’s corpuscles and Merkel cells?
Both are receptive to light touch; Merkel cells are used for discriminative pressure
How does a papule become a pustules?
Papule recruits white blood cells and produces pus
What is the purpose of Negative Feedback Loop?
-Heps your body maintain homeostasis, Ex: If your body gets too hot, the negative loop helps lower your body temperature by making your body sweat.
How are skin color, UV light, and Vitamin D production related?
In the past, people lived closer to the equator, where the sunlight is more intense; their bodies produced melanin to protect them. As they migrated farther north, less sunlight and more difficult to get vitamin D; over time, people developed lighter skin tones.
What are the 5 functions/properties of the surface film?
Antimicrobial, Lubrication, Hydration, pH barrier, physical barrier
Why is it important that your body has sensory receptors?
Helps keep your body safe, ex: keeps you from burning your hand.
Why do blocked pores cause pimples?
Bacteria lack oxygen; the bacteria do anaerobic respiration, which produces acid, causing redness.
It is a cold winter day, and you are walking to class, your body temperature starts to go below 98.6, How is your body going to get your temperature going back up?
Explain using the 4 components of the negative feedback loop?
-Variable: Temperature in the body
-Sensor: Signals will be sent to the Thermoreceptors in the Brain
-Integrator: The Brain will communicate with the Hypothalamus; The Hypothalamus will communicate with the muscles in your skin
-Effector: The muscles in your skin will cause shivering