Layers of the Skin
What is the outermost layer of the epidermis?
Stratum corneum
Which structure produces hair?
Hair follicle
What vitamin does the skin help synthesize?
Vitamin D
What disorder is caused by clogged sebaceous glands?
Acne
Which degree burn affects only the epidermis?
First-degree burn
Which layer contains melanocytes?
Stratum basale
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
Sebum
Which function of skin helps prevent dehydration?
Protective barrier (epidermis prevents water loss)
What is the most dangerous type of skin cancer?
Melanoma
Which degree burn forms blisters?
Second-degree burn
Which skin layer has blood vessels and nerves?
Dermis
What type of sweat gland regulates body temperature?
Eccrine sweat gland
What structure in the skin allows you to sense touch and pressure?
Sensory receptors (like Meissner’s or Pacinian corpuscles)
What autoimmune disorder causes loss of pigment in patches?
Vitiligo
Which degree burn destroys all layers of the skin?
Third-degree burn
What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
Stratum basale
What is the function of the arrector pili muscle?
Causes hair to stand up/goosebumps (thermoregulation, minor defense mechanism)
How does sweating help maintain homeostasis?
Evaporation of sweat cools the body
What genetic disorder leads to thick, scaly skin (hint: "fish skin")?
Ichthyosis
List the first two steps of tissue repair after an injury.
Inflammation → clotting/scab formation
Which layer provides insulation and fat storage?
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
Which nail structure is responsible for growth?
Nail matrix
Why is skin considered part of the immune system?
Provides a physical/chemical barrier; contains immune cells (Langerhans cells)
Which disorder involves rapid skin cell turnover, creating red, scaly patches?
Psoriasis
Why are 3rd-degree burns often painless?
Nerve endings are destroyed