Skin Structure
The two major layers of the dermis.
What are the papillary layer (loose connective tissue) and the reticular layer (bundles of collagen fibers)?
Four functions of skin
What are protection, sensation, temperature regulation, excretion, and Vitamin D production?
A sudoriferous gland produces this
Three functions of hair
What are sun protection, heat retention, insect detection, protecting eyes, and preventing entry into the nose?
This internal nail structure is the site of nail formation
What is the nail matrix?
The layers of the epidermis from bottom to top.
What are stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum?
The pigment that protects skin from UV radiation and the cells that produce it
What is melanin, produced by melanocytes?
The type of sudoriferous glands that cause body odor
What are apocrine glands?
The part of the hair where new cells divide, keratinize, and pigment is added
What is the hair bulb?
You use this part of the nail to pick up a thread
What is the free edge?
This is the layer of the epidermis that is only found in the palms and soles
What is the stratum lucidum?
When you run a mile and your face turns red, this is why.
What is vasodilation of blood vessels to release heat?
These glands secrete oil to lubricate skin and hair and kill bacteria
What are sebaceous glands?
This portion of hair is visible above the skin’s surface.
What is the hair shaft?
Both hair and nails share this structural protein
What is keratin?
This deep layer beneath the dermis is made mostly of fat and connective tissue, helping insulate the body and cushion internal organs.
What is the hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)?
The immediate medical concerns for a severe burn victim
What are dehydration from fluid loss and prevention of infection?
This gland produces dermcidin, a substance that helps fight bacteria
These tiny muscles raise your hair when you get chills
What are arrector pili muscles?
This crescent-shaped whitish area near the nail base is visible through the nail body.
What is the lunula?
This epidermal layer is made of cells that divide constantly
What is the stratum basale?
The arrangement of this in the dermis forms “lines of cleavage” used by surgeons
What is collagen?
This type of sweat gland plays an important role in thermoregulation by releasing watery sweat directly to the skin’s surface.
What are eccrine glands?
Sebum from nearby glands performs this essential function for both hair and skin.
What is lubrication and protection from bacteria?
This thin fold of skin overlaps the nail plate at its base, sealing and protecting the growing nail from infection.
What is the eponychium (cuticle)?