Epidermis
What is the outermost layer called? What is its function
Stratum corneum, composed of dead keratinocytes, protect from disease causing micro organisms, water, etc
Where is the dermis located
Under the epidermis, but over the subcutaneous tissue/hypodermis.
What is a nail?
A nail is a protective covering the fingers and toes composed of dead keratinocytes.
The main layer that melanin is found in? (Name layer and define melanin)
Stratum Spinosum, melanin is a pigment produced by melanocytes that gives the hair and skin color. (They are also found in stratum basale but mainly spinosum)
draw and label the sweat gland, sweat duct, and sweat pore
Name the 2 folds of skin that surround the nail plate
Lateral and Proximal Nail folds
In extreme cases, what happens when the melanocytes do not produce as much melanin? (or significantly smaller particles)
Albinism
composed of dense irregular collagenous CT, houses sweat glands, sebaceous glands, blood vessels, and pressure receptors (lamellated corpuscles)
What is the lunula?
The half moon shape on the nail plate near the epocnychium
Are the cells that make up the epidermis alive or dead? Explain.
The top layer is dead, the stratum basale has live cells. When the cells go though the process of keratinization, they harden, dry out, and become the cells that make up the stratum corneum. (The further they get from the direct supply of blood, the more they die out; hence why the top layers are dead)
Why does it hurt so bad if you get a cut that reaches all the way to the dermis?
the free nerve endings in the reticular layer transmit pain sensations.
Why would someone’s lunula appear redish or yellowish?
redish: could indicate carbon monoxide poisoning
yellowish: could indicate liver disease
If you were to get a 1st degree burn, what layer of your skin is burnt?
you would not be able to form reactions such as goosebumps, because your hair could not become erect/contract.
Draw and label nail
refer to lab manual