General
What is the most superficial layer of the skin?
Epidermis/stratum corneum of epidermis
What epidermal layer is only found in thick skin? What two regions of the body have thick skin?
Stratum lucidum; palms of hands and soles of feet
What part of the dermis makes up the lower 80% of it?
Reticular layer
_ is a clogged pore with a thin skin covering.
Whitehead/closed comedone
What fungal infection results in red, itching, peeling skin between and around the toes?
Athlete's foot
What four structures make up the integumentary system?
Hair, skin, nails, glands
True or false: The epidermis is avascular.
What does avascular mean?
True- it means it does not have a blood supply.
What is the proper name of an oil gland? What does it secrete (proper name)
Sebaceous gland; sebum
This burn extends past the epidermis and into the epidermis. It is characterized by redness, pain, and blisters.
2nd degree burn
What is a painful bacterial infection of hair follicles and or sebaceous glands?
Boils
What three pigments or proteins contribute to skin color?
-Melanin
-Carotene
-Hemoglobin
List the 5 layers of the epidermis in order from inner to outer.
Dtratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
What attaches to the hair follicle and contracts to give a person goosebumps?
Arrector pili muscle
What are two waste products found in sweat?
-Water
-Salt
-Urea
What is the most common type of cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
List 4 of the 6 functions of the integumentary system.
-Protection
-Thermoregulation
-Sensation
-Excretion
-Vitamin D synthesis
-Blood reservoir
What skin cell plays the main role in determining skin, eye, and hair color? Be specific- where is it found?
Melanocytes in stratum basale
_ are the common orientation of collagen and elastic fibers in the reticular layer of the dermis.
Lines of cleavage
List six things you can do (or avoid) to prevent skin cancer.
-Avoid overexposure to sun
-Stay in shade
-Wear sunscreen
-Wear hats and clothes that cover your skin
-Wear sunglasses
-Perform skin self-examinations
-Avoid tanning beds
-Avoid gel nail polish lamps
What skin condition is characterized by excessive sweating?
Hyperhidrosis
What reactant in the body is turned into vitamin D through exposure to sunlight?
Cholesterol
What immune cells are found in the epidermis?
Dendritic cells (Langerhans cells)
The dermis is primarily made up of which connective tissue type?
Dense irregular connective tissue
Tate burns the each anterior side of his legs and his genitals. According to the Rule of Nines, what percentage of his body has been burned?
19% (9% for each side of one leg x2 + 1% for the genitals)
What is the rule used to evaluate moles for cancer? What do each of the letters stand for?
ABCDE Rule:
Asymmetry
Border Irregularity
Color
Diameter
Evolution/Evolving