Definitions
Significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, and must originate before the age of 18
Intellectual Disability
Most common type of Down syndrome, the 21st chromosomal pairs have an extra chromosome.
Trisomy 21
A federally funded preschool program for students with disadvantages to help them before elementary school.
Head Start
Conceptual, social, and practical skills that people have learned to function in their everyday lives.
Adaptive behavior
A condition involving damage to the chromosome structure, which appears as breaking or splitting at the end of the X chromosome.
Fragile X Syndrome
Devices such as computers, hearing aids, wheelchairs, and other equipment that help individuals adapt to the natural settings of home, school, and family.
Assistive technology
Mental and/or physical impairments that limit substantial functioning in at least three areas of major life activity.
Developmental disabilities
Disorders that occur when cells cannot produce proteins or enzymes needed to process certain substances that can be poisonous and damage tissue in the central nervous system.
Single-gene disorders
Jobs for individuals with severe disabilities who will need continuous support during work.
Supported employment
The process of applying previously learned information to new settings or situations.
Generalization
A disorder in which an infant cannot digest a substance found in many foods and can cause intellectual disabilities if left untreated
PKU
A segregated vocational training and employment setting for people with disabilities.
Sheltered workshop
Support system that must be constant and at high intensity.
Pervasive support
Disorders that occur when one or several genes on different chromosomes in combination with environmental factors result in abnormal inheritance patterns.
Multifactorial disorders
Teaching academic subjects through precisely sequenced lessons involving drill, practice and feedback.
Direct instruction