Intellectual Property
What is intellectual property?
Refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, symbols, names, and images used in commerce
What does "fair use" allow individuals to do with copyrighted material?
Limited use portions of copyrighted materials.
What is open-source software?
S/w whose source code is made publicly available to anyone.
What is Creative Commons?
Creative Commons (CC) is a non-profit organization that provides free legal tools to help creators share their work with others while retaining some rights.
What is the purpose of a Non-Disclosure Agreement?
NDAs are commonly used in business settings, such as during negotiations, partnerships, or when hiring employees, to safeguard trade secrets, business strategies, and other proprietary information.
Name one type of intellectual property.
Patent, copyright, or trademark
Name one factor that is considered when determining fair use.
Purpose and character of the use.
This includes whether the use is for commercial or non-commercial purposes and whether it is transformative, meaning it adds new expression or meaning to the original work.
Name one benefit of using open-source software.
cost savings. since it is typically free to use it.
How does Creative Commons differ from traditional copyright?
Traditional Copyright: Operates under an “all rights reserved” model. This means the creator retains all exclusive rights to their work, and others must obtain permission to use, reproduce, or distribute the work.
Creative Commons: Functions within copyright law but uses a “some rights reserved” approach
When might someone be asked to sign an NDA?
Business Negotiations
Employment
Freelance and Contract Work
Why is intellectual property important for creators?
Protects works of origin
Can a teacher use a portion of a book for a class without permission? Why or why not?
Yes. A teacher can often use a portion of a book for a class without permission under the “fair use” doctrine. This is because educational purposes are one of the specific uses that fair use aims to support. However, the use must still be evaluated based on the four factors of fair use:
What does it mean when software is released under an open-source license?
the s/w is made available to the public to use
Name one type of Creative Commons license.
CC BY (Attribution) license.
What are the potential consequences of breaking an NDA?
Legal Action
What is the duration of copyright protection in the U.S.?
70 years
How does fair use differ from copyright infringement?
Fair use is limited use and copyright permitted without permission.
Give an example of the most popular open-source project.
Mozilla firefox browser
What does a "CC BY" license allow others to do?
A CC BY (Attribution) license allows others to:
Name one situation where NDAs are commonly used.
Business Negotiations
Describe the difference between patents and trademarks.
Patents are ideas, trademarks are words, phrases, symbols, logos or designs
Provide an example of a situation that would likely qualify as fair use.
An example of a situation that would likely qualify as fair use is a teacher using a short excerpt from a book in a classroom setting for educational purposes. This use is generally considered fair because it serves a non-commercial, educational purpose, involves only a small portion of the work, and does not negatively impact the market for the original book
How does open source promote collaboration among developers?
Transparency, Community Support, Diverse Contributions, Learning and Mentorship
Explain how Creative Commons helps artists share their work.
Control Over Rights: Artists can choose the specific permissions they want to grant, such as allowing others to use their work for non-commercial purposes or requiring attribution.
Increased Exposure: By making their work freely available under a CC license, artists can reach a wider audience
How does an NDA protect a company’s intellectual property?
Confidentiality