a mental category of similar objects, ideas, or experiences
What is a concept
100
formulas or procedures
What are algorithms
100
how many decision making systems do we use? How are they different
2, one short and one long
100
how do we define intelligence?
What is the mental capacity to acquire knowledge, reason, and solve problems effectively.
100
what are the two psychometric theories of intelligence?
1) Spearman's G factor
2) Cattell's fluid and crystallized intelligence
200
the two kinds of concepts are
natural concepts and artificial concepts
200
simple, basic rules
What are heuristics
200
describe system 1
What is the system that involves intuitive thought processes and is designed for quick decisions. It is what most people are referring to when they say "common sense". This system tends to rely on biases, prejudices, and faulty heuristics.
200
true or false: most psychologists view intelligence as a normally distributed trait that can be measured by performance on a variety of tasks
True
200
explain Spearman's G factor
There is a common factor of general intelligence underlying performance across mental abilities.
300
imprecise mental categories that develop out of everyday experiences with the world.
What are natural concepts
300
names 2 obstacles to problem solving
What are mental sets, functional fixedness, self-imposed limitations
300
Describe system 2
What is the system that is slower and more rational. It takes conscious control over system 1.
300
what does the phrase "normal distribution" refer to?
What is the bell-shaped curve describing the spread of a characteristic throughout a population.
300
explain the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence
Crystallized: consists of knowledge that a person has acquired and the ability to access that knowledge
Fluid: the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems
400
mental categories that are defined by a set of rules or characteristics
What are artificial concepts
400
give an example of a mental set
What is studying for classes in college the same way that you studied for classes in high school (setting mind on a strategy, but choosing the wrong analogy, schema, or algorithm)
400
What type of bias involves looking for a reference point and adjusting decisions based on that reference point.
anchoring bias
400
where does the normal range usually fall on a bell curve?
What is near the middle
400
Explain Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence.
3 types of intelligence:
1. practical: ability to cope with environment
2. analytical: ability to analyze problems and find correct answers
3. creative: helps people see new relationships among concepts
500
how are concept hierarchies constructed? Give an example
general to specific; eg animal, to bird, to penguin or sparrow
500
give an example of a self-imposed limitation
What is the nine dot problem (failing to think outside the box)
500
what part of the brain controls our decision making? does it control system 1 or system 2 decision making?
What is the frontal lobe. It actually controls BOTH decision making systems!
500
describe the Flynn effect
What is the tendency for the average IQ scores to increase slightly over the years