Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Relationships in Ecosystems
Structural Adaptations
Behavioral Adaptations
Vocabulary
100
Give an example of a food chain
carnivore --> herbivore --> producer
100
____________________ is the greatest number of individuals within a population that an ecosystem can support.
Carrying capacity
100
A structural adaptation is something an animal ______ to survive in its habitat.
Has, was born with
100
A behavioral adaptation is something an animal ______ to survive in its habitat.
Does
100
What is included in a population?
All members of a single species in an area at a given time
200
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?
biotic - living things in an area
abiotic - nonliving things in an area
200
Give an example of a symbiotic relationship that shows commensalism.
Any animal that benefits from one, but does not harm or benefit the animal being used.
200
What is a structural adaptation that a duck to help them swim in water?
Webbed feet
200
The coloring of an animal can be so similar to another's to frighten off predators and protect themselves is an example of what?
mimicry
200
When a network of food chains have some links in common it makes up a large ___________
Food Web
300
Why does a typical ecosystem have many more plants than herbivores?
Plants get their energy from sunlight. Since so little energy is used, there has to be enough energy for herbivores to survive, which means there has to be a large number of plants. Therefore, plants are at the bottom level of an ecosystem
300
What would happen to the jaguar population if they ate all of their prey?
Eventually they jaguar population would decrease due to the lack of food intake
300
What are some structural adaptations that a shark has?
lots of teeth, slick body, fins, gills
300
What is a behavioral adaptation that humans have?
care for their young, eat, use tools
300
A _________ is a special role that an organism plays in a community
niche
400
How much energy of plants get used, and how much is not used?
10% is used
90% is not used
400
How can two organisms live in the same habitat but have different niches?
For all organisms to survive, different organisms need to have different jobs.
Example, birds in the same forest but eating different foods
400
How do adaptations help living things survive in their environments?
They allow organisms help find food, escape predators, and stay warm or cool
400
What is the term used for animals who use this behavioral adaptation to survive during climate changes?
Migration/Hibernation
400
What are three types of relationships that organisms have with each other?
mutualism, commensalism, parasitism
500
Where would you place decomposers on an energy pyramid?
On all levels because they decompose all organisms that are not consumed by other organisms
500
Why do parasites harm, but not kill, their hosts?
Parasites need their host as a home and a food source. If they kill their host, they will lose their home and source of food.
500
Why do adaptations always "fit" the environment?
The organisms adjust to the environment they are in
500
Can adaptations be both behavioral and structural?
Yes
Example: Pufferfish have their spikes, as well as choose to puff up when they feel threatened
500
When an animal blends in with its background it uses this type of camouflage.
For example, when an arctic foxes fur coat changes from white, because of winter, to another color to help blend in, in the summer.
Protective coloration