Human Body Systems 1
Basic Unit of Life
Cell
The ____________________ system quickly sends chemical/electrical messages throughout the body.
Nervous
Oxygen enters the blood in tiny air sacs called
Alveoli
What is the main function of the digestive System
Break down food into usable nutrients/molecules.
What is the role of the tiny finger-like projections that line the small intestine?
Provide increased surface area for the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream
The maintenance of a stable internal environment is called
Homeostasis
List the (3) main structures that make up the nervous system
Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves
Blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients with body cells are called
Capilaries
Provide an example of both Mechanical and chemical digestion in the body.
Mechanical - Mouth Chewing, Stomach Contracting
Chemical - Saliva in Mouth, Stomach Acid
Describe the process of Cellular Respiration. What is needed and what is produced as part of this cellular process?
Cellular Respiration is how our bodies create usable energy for growth, repair, and activity.
O2 + glucose --> Energy + Carbob Dioxide + Water
Cells group together to form
Tissues
In your own words, explain how our food turns into usable nutrients, which make their way to our body's cells. Include the names of the body systems involved.
I'll Decide
List the 3 types of Blood Vessels
Arteries, Veins, Capillaries
This body system produces chemical messengers called hormones, which help regulate growth and body functions.
Endocrine System
Which two body systems work together to enable us to move, jump, and run?
Skeletal & Muscular
Tissues work together to form
Organs
What are the main (2) functions of the Respiratory System?
Take in O2 and remove Carbon Dioxide
What is the difference between an artery and a vein?
Arteries - Carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body cells
Veins - carry carbon dioxide-rich blood back to the heart to be pumped to the lungs
What is the main function of the immune system?
Defend the body against disease-causing organisms, malfunctioning /mutated cells, and foreign particles.
Heart and Blood Vessels
Organs work together to form an
Organ System
What are the (2) Main materials that the Circulatory System transports to our cells?
Oxygen & Nutrients (Glucose)
What is the main function of capillaries (remember, they are only a single cell thick)
Small blood vessels where materials are exchanged between the blood and the body’s cells (oxygen & carbon dioxide & glucose)
List the 5 main body parts/organs that make up the digestive system
Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine
How do the heart and lungs work together to help maintain homeostasis in the body?
The heart pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen, then pumps it to the rest of the body.
The heart pumps carbon dioxide-rich blood back to the lungs to be removed through exhalation.