Chapter 1
learned system of meanings that consists of patterns, traditions beliefs, values, norms, meanings and symbols that are passed on, , external architecture, landscape, study of a set of implicit values to which a large group in a community, being cultivated
culture
cultural orientation in which the individual is unique and individual goals are emphasized over group goals.
individualism or collectivism
individualism
the commonly accepted standards of what is considered right and wrong, good and evil, fair and unfair
Culture or Values
Values
cultural or ethnic membership, gender, sexual orientation, social class, religious affiliation, age, disability, or professional identity.
identity or social idenities
social idenities
The sense of self as independent and self reliant.
Individualized identity or Impression management theory
Individualized identity
the simultaneous encoding, decoding, and interpretation of verbal and nonverbal messages between people.
communication
cultural orientation where the group is the primary unity of culture. Group goals take precedence over individual goals.
collectivism or vertical collectivism
collectivism
psychological discomfort when enganging in a new cultural situation
real values or culture shock
culture shock
husband - wife, children, father working and mom homemaker,
extended family or traditional family
traditional family
The sense of self as always connected to family and others.
Familial identity or Spiritual identity
Familial identity
two persons from different cultures or micro cultures exchanging verbal and nonverbal messages.
intercultural communication
cultural orientation in which an autonomous self is valued but the self is more or less equal to others.
horizontal collectivism or horizontal individualism
horizontal individualism
a group consisting of a smaller number of people who hold common values, beliefs, attitudes and customs that differ from those of the dominant culture
Dominant culture or co-culture
co-culture
meanings and interpretations we hold concerning our self-images and expected other images of femaleness and maleness
gender identity or acculturation
gender identity
The identification with the cultural notions of masculinity and femininity and what it means to be a man or woman.
Sexual identity or Gender identity
Gender identity
an identifiable group of people who share a set of values, beliefs, and behaviors and who possess a common history and a verbal and nonverbal symbol system that is similar to but systematically caries from the larger, often dominant cultural milieu.
microculture
cultural orientation in which an autonomous self is valued and the self is seen as different from the perhaps unequal to others.
vertical collectivism or vertical individualism
vertical individualism
the part of our self-concept that is based on how closely we associate with both the dominant culture and various co-cultures
Cultural identity or native language
Cultural identity
inherently a matter of ancestry of beliefs about the origins of one's forebears
ethnic identity or ethnic value content
ethnic identity
A sense of belonging to a religious group.
Ethic identity or Religious identity
Religious identity
ongoing, ever changing, and continuous.
process
cultural orientation in which the self is seen as a member of an in-group whose members are similar to one another.
horizontal collectivism or high context
horizontal collectivism
a classification of people based on combinations of shared characteristics such as nationality, geographic origin, language, religion, ancestral customs and tradition
religion or Ethnicity
Ethnicity
position in the larger US society develops a complex ethnic cultural standpoint; hierarchy of privileges
co-culture theory or ethnic identity
co-culture theory
Widely held beliefs about a group of people.
Stereotypes or Prejudice
Stereotypes