Lesson 1: Introduction to Propositional Logic
A __________ is a statement.
proposition
Three fundamental logical operators are _______, __________, and _____________.
negation, conjunction, and disjunction
Truth tables help determine the truth value of _______ propositions, given the truth value of their component parts.
compound
The _________ operator asserts that one component (the antecedent) implies the other (the consequent). It is false if and only if the antecedent is true and the consequent is false.
conditional
The __________ operator is true when both component propositions have the same truth value, and is false when their truth values differ.
biconditional
____________ is a branch of formal, deductive logic in which the basic unit of thought is the proposition.
Propositional logic
_______ (~, not) is the logical operator that denies or contradicts a proposition.
Negation
When completing a truth table, start with the standard truth values for the ____________ (or constants), then find the truth values for the negated variables (or constants).
variables
The conditional includes many types of _________ : cause/effect, definition, promises, conditions, and so on.
implication
The biconditional operator is __________ when both component propositions have the same truth value, and is false when their truth values differ.
true
A proposition is _____-________ when its truth value depends upon the truth values of its component parts.
truth-functional
A ____ ______ is a listing of the possible truth values for a set of one or more propositions.
truth table
After determining truth value for negations, complete the truth values for _________ propositions within parentheses.
compound
Though it may seem counterintuitive, a conditional is always ______ if the antecedent is false.
true
The biconditional operator is true when both component propositions have the same truth value, and is _____ when their truth values differ.
false
If a proposition has only one component part, it is a _________ proposition. Otherwise, it is _________.
simple, compound
_________ (۰, and) is a logical operator that joins two propositions and is true if and only if both the propositions (conjuncts) are true.
Conjunction
Finish the truth table for a compound proposition by finding out the ________ _________ for all of its component parts and then putting them together.
truth tables
Translating conditionals can be _______.
tricky
The biconditional represents ___ ___ ____ __ propositions.
if and only if
________ __________ are words that combine or modify simple propositions to make compound propositions.
Logical operators
________ (V , or) is a logical operator that joins two propositions and is true if and only if one or both of the propositions (disjuncts) is true.
Disjunction
When you make a truth table for propositions that use only constants with known truth values, you need just ______ row.
If p then q is equivalent to If not ____ then not _____.
q, p
The biconditional is ____ when both parts have the same truth value; otherwise it is ______.
true, false