Cardiology
Treatment of choice for hemodynamically unstable atrial fibrillation
What is immediate electrical cardioversion?
Most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (organism)
What is Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Condition is characterized by the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct
What is choledocholithiasis?
Most common cause of hyperthyroidism
What is Grave's disease?
Most common bacterial cause of sexually transmitted infections in the United States
What is Chlamydia trachomatis
Preferred door-to-balloon time in the management of an acute STEMI
What is less than 90 minutes?
Characteristic finding on spirometry in a patient with asthma
What is reversible airway obstruction (improvement in FEV1 after bronchodilator)?
Test used to confirm the diagnosis of H. pylori infection
What is urea breath test or stool antigen test?
Diagnostic cutoff for HbA1c in diagnosing diabetes
What is 6.5% or higher?
First-line treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections
What is TMP-SMX or nitrofurantoin or fosfomycin?
Term for elevated jugular venous pressure that rises further with inspiration
What is Kussmaul sign?
Most common ECG finding in patients with a pulmonary embolism
What is sinus tachycardia?
Most common cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in older adults
What is diverticulosis?
Hallmark feature of subacute thyroiditis (De Quervain's thyroiditis)
Antibiotic used as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) in immunocompromised patients
Classification system used to stage heart failure severity based on symptoms
What is New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification?
Only definitive treatment for end-stage interstitial lung disease
What is lung transplantation?
Hallmark finding on imaging for a patient with Crohn’s disease
What are skip lesions or transmural inflammation?
Hormone that is deficient in diabetes insipidus
What is ADH?
Most common cause of viral encephalitis in the United States
What is HSV?
Mainstay of treatment for a patient with a right ventricular infarction
What is aggressive fluid resuscitation (to maintain preload and cardiac output)?
Medication is used as a last resort in severe asthma that is refractory to other treatments
What is omalizumab (anti-IgE therapy)?
Components of Charcot's triad and what condition it indicates
What is fever, jaundice, RUQ pain?
What is acute cholangitis?
First-line test for diagnosing Cushing’s syndrome
What is late night salivary cortisol or 24 hr urinary free cortisol or dexamethasone suppression test?
Medication is recommended for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV
What is Tenofovir/emtricitabine?