Communication Foundations
The manner in which messages are conveyed and received, and the shared experiences of the individuals involved are examined through five unique forms of communication. What are they?
1. Intrapersonal Communication
2. Interpersonal Communication
3. Small Group Discussion
4. Public Speaking
5. Mass Communication
_________ is the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting information which includes selecting stimuli that pass through our perceptual filters, organizing stimuli within our own existing structures and patterns, and interpreting those stimuli based on previous experiences.
Perception
Involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and action.
Emotional Intelligence
_____ is a model of communication that indicates the relationship among a thought, symbol, and referent and highlights the indirect relationship between the symbol and referent
The Triangle of Meaning
In regard to relationship development, there are ____ stages we lean on to provide insight into the complicated processes that affect the formation and deterioration of all types of relationships
This communication model was developed in 1955 and describes communication as a process in which participants alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within physical and psychological contexts.
Interactive Model of Communication
_______ is the degree to which something attracts our attention in a particular context.
Salience
This theory ties into the evolutionary perspective, because researchers claim that it is in our nature, as newborns, to create social bonds with our primary caretaker.
Attachment theory
_______ is a model used to illustrate how language can range from concrete to abstract.
Ladder of Abstraction
This theory can be interpreted as "a knot of contradictions in personal relationships or an unceasing interplay between contrary or opposing tendencies".
Relational Dialectics Theory
This model of communication is a more complex understanding of "context" and views communication as a force that shapes our realities before and after specific interactions occur.
Transactional Model of Communication
These prophecies are thought and action patterns in which a person's false belief triggers a behavior that makes the initial false belief actually or seemingly come true.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
This type of listening is focused and usually instrumental; primarily physiological and occurs mostly at the receiving stage of the listening process.
Discriminative Listening
________ are gestures that have a specific agreed-on meaning. Even though they have a generally agreed-on meaning, they are not part of formal sign system like ASL that is explicitly taught to a group of people.
Emblems
This type of family has a high conversation orientation and low conformity. Open discussion is encouraged for all family members, and parents do not strive to control their children's or each other's behaviors or decisions. Instead, they value the life lessons that a family member can learn by spending time with non-family members or engaging in self-exploration.
Pluralistic Family
Martin Burber
This term refers to our tendency to explain others' behaviors using internal rather than external attributions.
Fundamental Attribution Error
This form of listening is behaving as if you're paying attention to a speaker when you're actually not.
Pseudo-listening
To improve communication competence ________ nonverbal messages, increase your awareness of the messages you are sending and receiving and the contexts in which your communication is taking place.
Encoding
This conflict management style indicates a low concern for self and a high concern for the other and is often viewed as passive or submissive, in that someone complies with or obliges another without providing personal input.
Accommodating
When we set a goal of adapting our communication in order to be perceived in a particular way, we have set this type of goal for ourselves.
We utilize this set of theories to generalize a person's overall personality from the traits we can perceive.
Implicit Personality Theories
Studies have shown that _______ reduces social comparisons. Rather than becoming resentful toward people who have more money or better jobs-a major factor in reduced self-esteem equates to people who are appreciate of other people's accomplishments
Gratitude
This term is associated with pitch, volume, rate, vocal quality, and verbal fillers.
Paralanguage
A ________ is a relationship between two opposing concepts that constantly push and pull one another
Dialectic