Governments
This economic system is based on private ownership, free markets, and profit.
What is capitalism
This Italian dictator used the March on Rome to intimidate his way into power in 1922
Who is Mussolini
This clause of the Treaty forced Germany to accept sole blame for WWI
What is Article 231 (the War Guilt Clause)?
The Weimar Republic was the government of this country between WWI and the Interwar Period
What is Germany
This international organization was created after WWI to maintain peace through collective security, but was crippled by the U.S. refusing to join
What is the League of Nations
This far-left ideology calls for classless society with communal ownership of all property.
What is communism
This German dictator used the Reichstag Fire to pass the Enabling Act and seize total power
Who is Hitler
The approximate amount in reparations Germany was forced to pay after WWI
What is $33 billion USD or 132 billion marks
This article of the Weimar Constitution allowed the president to bypass parliament and rule by emergency decree, allowing who to bypass it?
Who is Hitler (Article 38)
The Great Depression was triggered in 1929 when this financial event wiped out investors overnight
What is the Stock Market Crash
This system of government controls every aspect of citizens' public AND private lives
What is totalitarianism
Hitler became Chancellor after this aging president reluctantly appointed him in January 1933
Who is Hindenburg
Italy called its experience with the Treaty this phrase, meaning they were cheated out of promised territories
What is "mutilated victory"
This voting system used by Weimar Germany created dozens of small parties and made stable majorities nearly impossible
What is proportional representation
Japan seized this Chinese region in 1931, and the League of Nations condemned it but could do nothing to stop it
What is Manchuria?
This right-wing ideology glorifies the nation, rejects democracy, and demands a powerful single leader.
What is fascism
Mussolini and Hitler both used these private paramilitary forces to intimidate and beat opponents before taking power
What are the Blackshirts / Brownshirts
Germany was forced to reduce its army to this number of troops under the Treaty
What is 100,000
The Weimar Republic was deeply unpopular because it was associated with signing this hated document
What is the Treaty of Versailles
In this 1961 psychology experiment, 65% of subjects continued delivering dangerous electric shocks when ordered to by an authority figure — helping explain ordinary participation in genocide.
What is the Milgram Experiment?
This ideology sits between capitalism and communism, the government controls major industries but inequality is reduced through redistribution
What is socialism
Both Mussolini and Hitler exploited this common condition in their countries to rise to power, economic crisis, national humiliation, and this type of weak government
What is a failing/unstable democracy?
This false belief, that Germany lost WWI due to betrayal from within by Jews and socialists, was fueled by resentment over the Treaty
What is the Dolchstoss (stab-in-the-back myth)
This fundamental flaw of the Weimar Constitution allowed enemies of democracy to use democratic tools to legally destroy it — which Hitler did
What is no loyalty requirement (or: no protection against anti-democratic parties
In this 1971 experiment, college students assigned as prison guards quickly became abusive, showing how situational roles cause ordinary people to dehumanize others.
What is the Stanford Prison Experiment