Neuro Anatomy
•Which dural fold separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum?
–A. Falx cerebri
–B. Tentorium cerebelli
–C. Arachnoid membrane
–D. Pia mater
–B. Tentorium cerebelli
•The skull contains brain tissue, blood, and what third component?
–A. Oxygen
–B. CSF
–C. Hormones
–D. Electrolytes
–B. CSF
•Hypertension, bradycardia, irregular respirations indicate:
–A. Babinski reflex
–B. Cushing triad
–C. Horner syndrome
–D. Kernig sign
–B. Cushing triad
•Which scale determines severity of traumatic brain injury?
–A. Braden
–B. Glasgow Coma Scale
–C. APGAR
–D. NIH stroke
–B. Glasgow Coma Scale
•Best position to reduce ICP is:
–A. Flat
–B. HOB 45°
–C. Trendelenburg
–D. Prone
–B. HOB 45°
•Ventriculostomy systems are leveled to which landmark?
–A. Bridge of nose
–B. External auditory meatus
–C. Sternum
–D. Clavicle
–B. External auditory meatus
•Brain ability to adapt to pressure changes is called:
–A. Compliance
–B. Perfusion
–C. Autoregulation
–D. Diffusion
–A. Compliance
•Unilateral fixed dilated pupil indicates compression of:
–A. CN II
–B. CN III
–C. CN V
–D. CN VIII
–B. CN III
•Which bleed is arterial and a neurosurgical emergency?
–A. Subdural
–B. Epidural
–C. Subarachnoid
–D. Contusion
–B. Epidural
•Which medication reduces ICP by osmotic diuresis?
–A. Dopamine
–B. Mannitol
–C. Lidocaine
–D. Heparin
–B. Mannitol
•Tonsillar herniation compresses which life‑sustaining structure?
–A. Thalamus
–B. Hypothalamus
–C. Medulla
–D. Cerebellum
–C. Medulla
•CPP is calculated as:
–A. MAP – ICP
–B. ICP – MAP
–C. HR × BP
–D. MAP + ICP
–A. MAP – ICP
•Brain tissue displaced downward through tentorial notch is:
–A. Central herniation
–B. Subdural bleed
–C. Epidural shift
–D. Diffuse injury
–A. Central herniation
•Bleeding between dura and arachnoid is:
–A. Epidural
–B. Subdural
–C. Intracerebral
–D. Diffuse
–B. Subdural
•Which device both monitors ICP and drains CSF?
–A. EEG
–B. Ventriculostomy
–C. Bolt
–D. CT scanner
–B. Ventriculostomy
•Subfalcine herniation occurs when brain tissue shifts:
–A. Downward
–B. Across midline
–C. Through skull
–D. Into ventricle
–B. Across midline
•Rapid ICP increase most commonly results in:
–A. Increased cerebral blood flow
–B. Brain compression
–C. Improved oxygenation
–D. Reduced edema
–B. Brain compression
•Herniation through the foramen magnum is:
–A. Subfalcine
–B. Tonsillar
–C. Epidural
–D. Diffuse
–B. Tonsillar
•Diffuse axonal injury usually results from:
–A. Infection
–B. Acceleration‑deceleration forces
–C. Dehydration
–D. Hypertension
–B. Acceleration‑deceleration forces
•Which action helps prevent ICP elevation?
–A. Flex hips
–B. Keep head neutral
–C. Lower HOB
–D. Encourage coughing
–Keep head neutral
•NCLEX CASE: A patient with severe cerebral edema develops worsening respiratory pattern and bradycardia. Which brain structure is likely compromised?
–A. Cerebellum
–B. Medulla
–C. Parietal lobe
–D. Pituitary
–B. Medulla
•NCLEX CASE: A patient with expanding tumor develops sudden neurologic deterioration. What explains the rapid ICP rise?
–A. Limited intracranial volume
–B. Decreased glucose
–C. Increased oxygen
–D. Peripheral edema
–A. Limited intracranial volume
•NCLEX CASE: A patient suddenly develops unequal pupils and decreasing LOC. What is the nurse’s FIRST action?
–A. Reassess in 1 hr
–B. Notify provider immediately
–C. Document
–D. Give sedation
–B. Notify provider immediately
•NCLEX CASE: A trauma patient arrives with GCS 7. What is the priority intervention?
–A. CT scan
–B. Intubation
–C. Foley catheter
–D. Sedation
–B. Intubation
•NCLEX CASE: A patient with severe TBI is immobilized. Which complication is the nurse most concerned about?
–A. DVT
–B. Cataracts
–C. Migraine
–D. Dermatitis
–A. DVT