Birth Process
The 4 interrelated process of labor
The 4 "P" of labor: powers, passage, passenger, psyche
First response to rupture of membranes (SROM or AROM)
What is assess fetal heart rate
THEN
assess color, amount, smell
Cord has emerged from vaginal canal or is being compressed
What is prolapsed cord
Term used to describe uterus that is not firm
What is boggy
Signs and symptoms of impending labor
Cervical change, burst of energy, bloody show, mucous discharge, lightening, rupture of membranes
Side effects of epidural and spinal blocks
Headache
Hypotension
Indicates head compression
What is early deceleration
Medications given to mothers with PROM
What is betamethasone and magnesium sulfate
The Stages of Labor
Stage 1: Latent, Active, Transition
Stage 2: Pushing
Stage 3: Placenta delivery
Stage 4: Postpartum
Medications used to induce labor
What is cytotec and oxytocin
Indicates cord compression
What is variable deceleration
The fetal head nods toward the chest
What is flexion
Signs the placenta is about to be delivered
Lengthening of cord
Bloody show
Change in uterine shape
Definition of an acceleration
Increase of 15 bpm for 15 seconds to 2 min
APGAR scoring
A-Appearance (color pink/blue)
P-Pulse (+/- 100 bpm)
G-Grimace (reflex irritability)
A-Activity (floppy/active)
R-Respirations (absent, even/cry)
Optimal birthing presentation
What is LOA or ROA
Primary assessment for patient receiving general anesthesia
What is respiratory depression/distress
Intervention for variable or late deceleration
Left-side lying
IV fluids/stop pitocin
Oxygen (10 L nonrebreather)
Notify provider
Risk factors for preterm labor
Age, infection, substance abuse, previous history, trauma, multiparity, hypertension, GDM
McRoberts maneuver
Position where woman flexes her thighs sharply against her abdomen, which straightens out the pelvic curve. Used to help relieve shoulder dystocia