Chemistry
A pH of 4 is more ______ than a pH of 7.
What is acidic.
Proteins are composed of which building blocks?
What are amino acids.
The power plants of a cell providing most of its energy supply
What are mitochondria.
The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
What is osmosis.
What is secondary structure.
A ________ bond is formed when two atoms share electrons.
What is a covalent bond.
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Enzymes __________ the rate of biochemical reactions but are not used or changed in those reactions.
What is speed up or accelerate.
If a toxin destroys a cell’s ribosomes, which cellular activity is affected?
What is protein synthesis.
Cells immersed in a hypertonic solution will tend to?
What is shrink.
During the process of protein ________, DNA is used to make mRNA.
What is transcription.
NaCl or table salt is formed by this type of chemical bond.
What is an ionic bond.
A glycerol molecule connected to three fatty acids is called a?
What is a triglyceride.
You discover that newly-made proteins are not being correctly modified or delivered to the proper locations. You should suspect the problem is a defect in the?
What is the Golgi apparatus.
A type of vesicular transport that moves substances out of the cell.
What is exocytosis.
The backbone of DNA strands consists of _____ covalently attached to _____.
What are sugars and phosphates.
What is hydrogen ion concentration.
This is the primary energy-transferring molecule in cells and it provides a form of energy that is immediately useable by all body cells.
What is ATP.
The main component of the plasma membrane.
What are phospholipids.
The four phases of mitosis.
What are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Which sequence represents the complement to this DNA strand: 5’-AGATCCG-3’:
What is TCTAGGC.
This type of chemical bonding is responsible for the tendency of water molecules to cling together and form films, referred to as surface tension.
What are hydrogen bonds.
To break a disaccharide such as sucrose (table sugar) into its monosaccharides would require a _______ reaction.
What is hydrolysis.
Whiplike, motile cellular extensions that occur in large numbers on the exposed surface of certain cells.
What are cilia.
All animal cells maintain a voltage difference across their cell membrane. This voltage difference is termed the?
What is the resting membrane potential.
How many amino acids does this strand of DNA code for? 5’-AGATCCGCC-3’:
What is three.