Light Work
The name for organisms that can make their own food.
What are autotrophs/primary producers?
This type of cellular respiration requires oxygen.
What is aerobic respiration?
This spontaneous process causes molecules to spread out in a solution.
What is diffusion/simple diffusion?
This sequence of DNA encodes a protein.
What is a gene?
This structure made of phospholipids regulates what gets in and out of cells.
What is a cell membrane?
This type of compound absorbs certain wavelngths of light and reflects others
What is a pigment?
This complex of proteins embedded in membranes passes high energy electrons to generate the bulk of ATP in aerobic respiration.
What is the electron transport chain?
This part of an enzyme is where the substrate binds and the chemical reaction is catalyzed.
What is the active site?
The shape of the DNA molecule, discovered in part through the work of chemist Rosalind Franklin.
What is a double helix?
This type of passive transport involves a protein channel.
What is facilitated diffusion?
In plant cells, photosynthesis takes place inside this chlorophyll-containing organelle.
What are chloroplasts?
In eukaryotic cells, most ATP from aerobic respiration is produced in this organelle.
What is mitochondria?
Placing a red blood cell in this type of solution can cause it to swell and burst.
What is a hypotonic solution?
This three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA specifies a particular amino acid.
What is a codon?
Only molecules that are small and have this property can pass freely through the phospholipid bilayer.
What is non-polar?
This complex kicks off the light reactions by splitting H₂O and releasing oxygen.
What is photosystem II?
This cyclical set of reactions releases CO₂ and transfers high-energy electrons to carrier molecules used in the electron transport chain.
What is the Krebs /Citric Acid/TCA cycle?
This physical law explains why concentration gradients break down unless energy is used to maintain them.
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
This enzyme is responsible for building the mRNA transcript from a DNA template.
What is mRNA polymerase?
This mode of active transport can move large amounts of any kind of substance into cells with or against their concentration gradeint.
What is endocytosis?
This wasteful process occurs when the enzyme RuBisCO binds oxygen instead of carbon dioxide.
What is photorespiration?
In the electron transport chain, this molecule serves as the final electron acceptor.
What is O2?
This type of enzyme regulation occurs when a molecule binds to an enzyme’s active site and prevents the substrate from binding.
What is competitive inhibition?
During translation, tRNA molecules bind to mRNA codons using this complementary three-nucleotide sequence.
What is an anticodon?
This pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane and is essential for nerve signals and muscle contractions.
What is the sodium-potassium pump