Minerals
Rocks
Relative Dating
Absolute Dating
Atoms
100
The color of a mineral crushed on unglazed porcelain
What is streak?
100
A rock that solidifies from magma.
What is an igneous rock?
100
Principle that states that older rock layers are on the bottom and younger are on top.
What is the principle of superposition?
100
The time it takes for 50 % of an unstable isotope to decay into a new element.
What is the half-life?
100
The number of protons in the nucleus.
What is the atomic number?
200
The way that a mineral scatters light.
What is luster?
200
A rock that has had its mineral composition or orientation altered.
What is a metamorphic rock?
200
Principle that states that features which cut through rocks are younger than the rocks they cut.
What is the principle of cross-cutting relationships?
200
The atom that an unstable isotope decays into.
What is the daughter?
200
The three main particles of an atom.
What are protons, neutrons, and electrons?
300
The scratching resistance of a mineral
What is hardness?
300
A rock made up of clay, shell, rock, or mineral fragments
What is a sedimentary rock?
300
Principle that states that smaller chunks of rock found within a larger layer of rock are younger than the larger layer.
What is the principle of inclusions?
300
The name for an unstable isotope that is radioactive.
What is the parent isotope?
300
A charged atom
What is an ion
400
Through-going planes of weakness.
What is cleavage?
400
Describes the cycling of one rock type into another type.
What is the rock cycle?
400
Principle that states that sedimentary rock layers are originally deposited flat.
What is the principle of original horizontality?
400
The equation to calculate the age of a material that has been experiencing radioactive decay.
What is (# of half-lives elapsed) x (duration of a single half-life)
400
A type of bond in which an electron is shared between two atoms.
What is a covalent bond
500
The ideal shape of the crystal faces
What is habit?
500
The building blocks of rocks.
What are minerals?
500
Evidence of past life.
What is a fossil?
500
12.5% parent and 87.5% daughter (Hint: What is the percentage of parent and daughter elements remaining after _____________________ have passed)
What is the percentage of parent and daughter elements remaining after three half-lives have passed?
500
An isotope (Hint: the definition)
What are elements with identical #s of protons and different numbers of neutrons?
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