Research Methods
Research that observes and describes behavior without manipulating variables.
Non-experimental research.
Focuses on in-depth understanding and rich descriptions of phenomena.
Qualitative Research
The most important aspect we must consider in research when it involves participants.
Do no physical or psychological harm.
A statistical relationship between two variables.
Correlation
A research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to observe the effect on another variable, allowing for cause-and-effect relationships to be established
Experimental Research
In depth investigation into a group or individual.
Case Study
A Likert scale is a tool used in this type of research.
Quantitative
Something takes place at the end of the experiment with the participants about various aspects of the experiment.
Debriefing
As one variable increases, the other also increases.
Positive Correlation
A specific, testable prediction derived from a theory.
Hypothesis
A small group discussion with participants.
Focus Group
This type of statistics summarizes and describes the quantitative information from a population or sample.
Descriptive Statistics
People that are implanted in the group of participants but actually are part of the research team.
Confederates
A numerical value that represents the strength and direction of a correlation. It ranges from -1 to +1.
Correlation Coefficient
The moral principles and guidelines that shape how researchers conduct their studies.
Ethics
Looks at the relationship between 2 or more variables.
Correlational Study
The average distance of each score from the mean.
Standard Deviation
A committee that reviews and approves research proposals to ensure they meet ethical standards.
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
A graphical representation of the relationship between two variables.
Scatterplot
Measures the magnitude or strength of the relationship between variables or the difference between groups.
Effect Size
Famous case study in which we learned about location of personality.
Phineas Gage
The probability that the results of a study are not due to chance.
Statistical Significance
Reviews and approves research proposals involving animals.
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
Occurs when people perceive a relationship between two variables even when none exists.
Illusory Correlation
The difference between the highest and lowest scores.
Range