A system of conventional spoken or written symbols used by people in a shared culture to communicate.
What is language?
100
The term used to describe the flexibility of the central nervous system to organize and reorganize, even after a catastrophic event.
What is neural plasticity?
100
This theory emphasizes the role of conditioning -reward and punishment- in language acquisition.
What is Behaviorism?
100
Something that all humans have in common, since the beginning of time and in all cultures, and evidence for innate abilities.
What are the arts?
100
A metaphor for the human mind, this term suggests we are born "empty" can can be "filled" with knowledge.
What is the Blank Slate?
200
A manifestation of language, this is a voluntary, neuromuscular behavior used to express phonemes, morphemes, words, and sentences.
What is speech?
200
The Radio Lab podcast described how children in Nicaragua spontaneously and collaboratively developed this.
What is Nicaraguan Sign Language?
200
This theory sees language as a neural network of nodes and connections.
What is Connectionism?
200
A timeframe during which a particular aspect of development undergoes important growth or change.
What is a sensitive period?
200
One possible way to ameliorate differences or lack of experience of young children, especially those with language/learning delays or challenges.
What is early intervention?
300
Anatomical and physiological systems of respiration, phonation, and articulation are needed to produce this.
What is speech?
300
In the Radio Lab podcast, Jill Bolte Taylor described how she lived in the absence of language after she experienced this.
What is a stroke?
300
This theory, presented by Chomsky, includes the idea of LAD.
What is Universal Grammar?
300
Changes in brain structure that occur as a result of normal experiences.
What is experience-expectant plasticity?
300
Part of the social-interactionist theory, this refers to the idea of teaching "just above" a child's current level of development to reach his/her potential.
What is the zone of proximal development?
400
Animals and infants can use it; this does not require language or speech, but can be used to convey a message.
What is communication?
400
This theorist proposed that language development goes hand-in-hand this cognitive development, in stages, as children move from egocentric to the ability to take others' perspectives.
Who is Piaget?
400
This theory, put forth by Vygotsky, suggests that language, like all learning, is attained in a social context.
What is Social Interactionism?
400
Changes in brain structure that occur as a result of interacting with the environment in specific ways.
What is experience-dependent plasticity?
400
Occasional unresponsiveness, chronic under-stimulation, and severe cases in a family or institution are types of this.
What is neglect.
500
A variation of a language based on geographical or cultural diversity.
What is a dialect?
500
This perspective suggests that language is "not special" and cannot be separated from general cognition.
What is a domain-general view of language? (What is its counterpart?)
500
This series of theories involve the idea that children use acquired knowledge to make inferences about new knowledge, in varying aspects of language.
What are Bootstrapping theories.
500
This researcher supports an innate view of language acquisition, and offers evidence against the blank slate.
Who is Steven Pinker?
500
This girl now works with an SLP daily in an attempt to overcome her experience of severe neglect.