Properties of Acids and Bases
What is litmus?
A well known acid base indicator
What pH number is a neutral pH
7
Which pH numbers are acidic?
pH > 7
Is water an acid or a base?
both
What is produced from a reaction with acids and metals?
What color does phenolphthalein give?
pink in bases
What is a limitation of using litmus as an indicator?
It can't distinguish between strengths of acids and bases
How do acids and bases of the same conjugate pairs differ in their chemical makeup?
There's a difference of one proton
What is the term for gas being given off during a reaction through bubbles?
effervescence
What is a pH probe and how does it work?
A probe that measures pH through an electrode by measuring the concentration of H+ ions
What are the limitations of using a pH probe?
It must be calibrated before every use and standardized for temperature
What are amphiprotic substances?
Substances that can act as acids and as bases
What is an exothermic neutralization reaction?
A reaction between acid and base that results in a salt and water
How many more times concentrated in H+ ions is a solution with a pH of 1 than a pH of 4
1000 times
What kind of a relationship do H+ and OH- have
an inverse relationship
Which substance gains an H+ in an acid base reaction?
The Bronsted Lowry Bases
Which substance loses an H+ in an acid base reaction?
The Bronsted Lowry Acids
What are the products for NH3 + H2O
NH4+ + OH−
What does the pH number mean in relation to the concentration of H+?
The concentration of H+ is mol dm^3 10^-#
How is the pH defined in logarithmic terms?
pH = −log10[H+]
In the following equation, what are the conjugate pairs? CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) s CH3COO−(aq) + H3O+(aq)
CH3COOH / CH3COO and H2O / H3O+
Which substance has a lone pair of electrons?
Bronsted Lowry Bases