Anatomy vs. Physiology
This is the study of the body’s structure.
What is Anatomy?
The basic structural and functional unit of life.
What is a cell?
This term describes the body’s attempt to maintain internal balance.
What is homeostasis?
In the anatomical position, the palms face which direction?
Forward.
This cavity contains the brain.
Cranial cavity.
This is the study of body functions.
What is Physiology?
Groups of cells that work together to perform a similar function.
What is tissue?
The fluid found inside of cells.
What is Intracellular Fluid (ICF)?
The term meaning “toward the head.”
Superior
This muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
The diaphragm.
“Structure mirrors function” means that the body’s _____ determines its _____.
What are structure and function?
Organs are made up of at least how many tissue types?
At least two different tissue types.
Name the three main components of a feedback system.
Receptor, Control Center, Effector.
“Anterior” means the same as this directional term.
Ventral.
Name two organs found in the abdominal cavity.
Examples: stomach, liver, spleen, intestines, gallbladder.
Which subdivision of anatomy studies tissues under a microscope?
What is Histology?
List the six important life processes of organisms.
Metabolism, Responsiveness, Movement, Growth, Differentiation, Reproduction.
Which type of feedback loop regulates blood pressure?
What is Negative Feedback?
What is the difference between “proximal” and “distal”?
Proximal = closer to point of origin; Distal = farther from point of origin.
What are the four quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity?
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ).
Name two subdivisions of anatomy and explain how they differ.
Gross Anatomy (studies structures visible to naked eye) vs. Developmental Anatomy (studies growth from fertilized egg to adult).
Place these in order from simplest to most complex:
Molecules → Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ systems → Organism.
Explain how childbirth is an example of positive feedback.
Stretching of cervix triggers oxytocin release → stronger contractions → more stretching, until baby is delivered.
Name and describe the three major body planes.
Sagittal (left/right), Frontal/Coronal (front/back), Transverse/Horizontal (top/bottom).
Compare the quadrants and the nine-region method for describing abdominal areas.
Quadrants = simpler, 4 sections; Regions = more detailed, 9-part tic-tac-toe grid for more specific organ location