Hearing Loss
What term describes hearing loss that is present at birth?
Congenital
How is sound described as a type of energy?
Pressure waves produced when force is applied to a sound source.
What is the mathematical curve used to represent a basic sound wave?
Sine wave
What unit is used to measure frequency?
Hertz (Hz)
What is the approximate frequency range of human hearing?
20 Hz–20,000 Hz
What is the difference between prelingual and postlingual hearing loss?
Prelingual hearing loss occurs before normal speech/language development, while postlingual hearing loss occurs after normal speech/language development.
What is the physical definition of sound?
Disturbances of molecules in an elastic medium, such as air.
One wavelength represents how many complete cycles of a sound wave?
Frequency is objective. What is our subjective experience of frequency?
A sound repeats in a predictable pattern over time. Is it periodic or aperiodic?
Periodic
A person's hearing loss developed after an illness and has remained unchanged since. Which TWO terms describe the hearing loss?
Acquired and stable.
What is the psychological definition of sound?
Auditory experiences; the act of hearing.
What happens to the molecules during compression versus rarefaction?
Compression/condensation: molecules are closer together → high pressure
Rarefaction: molecules are farther apart → low pressure
Intensity is objective. What is our subjective experience of intensity?
Loudness
Background noise varies randomly over time and has no fundamental frequency. Is it periodic or aperiodic?
Aperiodic
Name THREE areas of a person's life or development that can be affected by hearing loss.
Language development, cognitive development, academic/educational development, social life, emotional well-being, psychological well-being, physical safety, communication, or quality of life.
What is elasticity, and what role does it play in creating sound?
Molecules attempt to move back to their original position.
Complete the relationship:
Long wavelength = ______ frequency
Short wavelength = ______ frequency
Long wavelength = low frequency
Short wavelength = high frequency
As the number of cycles per second increases, what happens to frequency and pitch?
Both frequency and pitch increase
Two sounds are heard at the same time, and one is intense enough that the other can no longer be heard. What is happening?
Masking
A child was born with hearing loss, and the hearing loss has become worse over time. Which TWO terms describe the hearing loss?
Congenital and progressive.
Name all 6 things needed to create sound.
1. Vibration
2. Disturbance
3. Elasticity
4. Compression/condensation
5. Rarefaction
6. Waveform
Whiteboard Challenge:
Draw a sine wave and label -
Complete all four relationships:
Frequency → measured in ______ → experienced as ______
Intensity → measured in ______ → experienced as ______
Frequency → Hz → Pitch
Intensity → dB → Loudness
You move twice as far away from a sound source. According to the inverse distance law, what happens to the intensity of the sound?
The intensity becomes ½ as great.