Properties of Life & Order
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cell
Which subatomic particle determines an element's identity?
Protons
What organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell"?
Mitochondria
ATP stands for what?
Adenosine triphosphate
What is the fifth sign of the zodiac?
Leo
Name three characteristics shared by all living organisms.
Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information?
Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
Which structure controls what enters and exits the cell?
Plasma membrane
Which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
S phase
Leonardo da Vinci's “Mona Lisa” hangs in what museum?
The Louvre Museum in Paris
Living organisms maintain relatively stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment. What is this process called?
Homeostasis
A carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons.
What is its atomic number and net charge?
Atomic number = 6
Net charge = 0 (neutral)
Why are phospholipids considered amphipathic?
They have a hydrophilic (polar) head and hydrophobic (nonpolar) tails.
Which process produces two genetically identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
According to Guinness World Records, what's the best-selling book of all time?
The Bible
Arrange these levels of biological organization from smallest to largest:
Cell, Organism, Molecule, Tissue, Organ System
Molecule → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism
Name the four major biological macromolecules and one primary function of each.
Describe the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane.
A flexible phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates that move laterally within the membrane.
What is the difference between anabolic and catabolic pathways?
Anabolic:
Catabolic:
What name is singer-actor Stefani Germanotta better known by?
Lady Gaga
Two organisms have similar DNA sequences but live in different environments and display different traits. Which characteristic of life explains this observation over many generations?
Evolution by natural selection (adaptation)
An atom loses two electrons.
How do its charge and number of protons change?
Charge becomes +2.
Number of protons does not change.
Compare facilitated diffusion and active transport.
Facilitated diffusion:
Active transport:
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA. What is this process called, and why is it important?
Crossing over.
It increases genetic variation among offspring.
Nearly all fossils are preserved in what type of rock?
Sedimentary