The CJ System Part 1
the violation of laws of a society by a person or group of people who are citizens
Crime
social norms that are formally assigned at the federal or state level
Laws
Cops, courts, corrections
This model holds that the most important function of the CJ system is to suppress or control crime
Crime control model
Name three rights given to victims via the National Center for Victims of Crime Rights
Right to be treated with dignity, respect, and sensitivity; right to be informed; right to protection; right to apply for compensation; right to restitution from offender; right to prompt return of personal property; right to speedy trial; right to enforcement of victim rights
any behavior that departs from social norms
Deviance
the process by which the government confiscates the proceeds of criminal activities
Civil forfeiture
What components make up the Wedding Cake Model of Justice?
Serious felonies, lower-level felonies, misdemeanors
This type of crime involves an offense committed by a corporation's officers who pursue illegal activity in the name of the corporation
Corporate crime
Name three of the main official statistics available
UCR; NIBRS; LEOKA; Hate crimes Statistics Program; National use of force data collection
behaviors that are learned and shared by a social group, such as customs
this view recognizes that the creation of laws is unequal and may not have consensus
Conflict view
Investigative, pretrial, trial, sentencing, post-conviction
A serious crime punishable by sentence of more than one year in a state or federal prison, sometimes death
Felony
What are the three types of "wrongs"?
Civil, criminal, and moral wrongs
What are the types of defenses?
perfect, imperfect; negative, affirmative; justifications, excuses; procedural defenses
this view suggests that criminal law is a function of beliefs, morality, and rules that apply equally to all members of society
Consensus view
What are crimes because the law says they are bad, but they are not inherently evil?
mala prohibita
Name three types of victims in Mendelsohn's Typology
What Amendment provides protection against cruel and unusual punishment?
8th amendment
What are the elements of a crime?
Mens rea and actus reus
What type of sentences allows the judge/parole board discretion on how much time will be given for a crime?
indefinite/indeterminate
If I go to trial and am found guilty of a lesser charge, what type of defense did I use?
Imperfect defense
Name three types of victims in Von Hentig's typology
young people; females/elderly; mentally ill/intellectually disabled; immigrants; minorities; dull normal; the depressed; the acquisitive; the lonesome and brokenhearted; tormentors; blocked, exempted, and fighting victims
What type of laws outline how we process crimes (e.g. need for search warrant, right to trial)?
Procedural laws