DAT
Who came up with the differential association theory?
Sutherland
Lemert
Merton
What is it called when people learn definitions that make crime seem okay?
Favorable definitions
What is the difference between subjective and objective opportunity?
Objective opportunity everyone would recognize as a chance to commit crimes and subjective opportunity only certain people would see as a chance to commit a crime
Group Conflict
What conflict model of law does the Labeling theory use?
Group conflict model of law
This theory stems from the belief that not everyone is equally able to achieve what?
The American Dream
What is one example of labeling theory in Megamind?
He was called a bad kid, he was always put in the corner, he was never given a chance to be good, he decided if everyone called him bad he would be bad, ...
What is self fulfilling prophecy?
When someone is told something about themselves, decide they have been called that so there is no point in being anything else, and then the label coming true
DAT says crime is a result of what?
Complex socialization
Give an example of primary deviance
Underage drinking
What does this theory says is the dominant institution in American Culture?
Economic
What is one example from Megamind of DAT?
He grew up around criminals, he was taught that crime is ok, he was taught techniques to commit crimes, he was excluded by his peers, ...
What is one critique of DAT?
Society is not in disagreement over the law, denies individual responsibility, and measuring favorable definitions is tricky
In DAT what are the three learned elements of crime?
Definition, technique, and opportunity
What is the difference between primary deviance and secondary deviance?
Primary deviance is deviant behavior that isn't viewed as bad and secondary deviance is less common and more serious behavior
What are the Merton's 5 modes of adaptation?
What is one critique of labeling theory?
It has an extreme position on behavioral relativism, denies individual responsibility, and it fails to explain primary deviance
What is one example of anomie in Megamind?
He fit outside the social norms, he wasn't able to achieve what he wanted so he turned to bad methods, he knew he wouldn't be seen as good so he became bad, ...
People take other people's opinions into account depending on the 4 weights. What are they?
Priority, Frequency, Duration, and Intensity
Explain the social structure chart that shows how labeling leads to crime that was shown in discussion
Inequality in society -> powerful people create/apply labels -> powerless becomes subject of labeling -> subject of labeling adopts criminal/deviant identity -> increase criminal behavior ->
What mode of adaptation includes success goals while giving up on conventional means?
Innovation
Priority - how early in life the idea is introduced to you
Frequency - How often it is reiterated
Duration - How long your relationship has been with the person telling you
Intensity - How strongly it is said, the more intense - the more more likely a person is to listen
What book was an inportant contibution to the labeling theory and who wrote it?
Tannenbaum's Dramatization of Evil