Nature of Crime
Policing
Court System
Punishment
Sentencing
100
The model of Criminal Justice that informally expedites the disposal of cases, while focusing the full compliment of criminal justice processes on the most serious or notorious cases.
What is the Wedding Cake Model
100
Considered the Father of Modern Policing, this person established the 1st organized police force in London
Who is Sir Robert Peel
100
The highest Court in Georgia
What is the GA Supreme Court
100
A goal of punishment to use criminal sanctions again one criminal as an example to other potential criminals, and encourage those others NOT to commit similar crimes
What is General Deterrence
100
Sentences for multiple crimes that all run at the same time is called?
What is Concurrent Sentencing
200
The Perspective of Justice that views crime as an expression of frustration and anger created by social inequality that can be controlled by giving people the means to improve their lives.
What is the Rehabilitation Perspective
200
The report ordered by President Herbert Hoover in 1931 to study the U.S. Criminal Justice system and make recommendations for improvement
What is the Wickersham Report
200
A court that focuses on one type of criminal act or one type of criminal defendant
What are Specialized Courts
200
A goal of punishment that prevents crime by keeping offenders under state control and thereby unable to engage in criminal activity
What is Incapacitation
200
Legislation that guarantees that offenders serve a substantial portion of their sentences (typically 85%)
What is Truth in Sentencing
300
The Perspective of Justice that emphasizes individual rights and Constitutional safeguards against arbitrary or unfair judicial or administrative proceedings.
What is the Due Process Perspective
300
Federal Agency tasked with preventing terrorism attacks within the U.S., reducing America's vulnerability to terrorism and minimizing damages & aiding recovery for attacks that do occur
What is the Department of Homeland Security
300
The charging document created once a Grand Jury finds Probable Cause to charge a defendant with a particular crime
What is an Indictment
300
The proposition that when individual offenders suffer sufficient punishment it will convince him/her that the pain of punishment is greater than the potential benefits of crime and thereby reduce crime
What is Specific Deterrence
300
U.S. Supreme Court has relied upon these Constitutional Amendments to limit the application of the death penalty as "cruel and unusual" and in violation of the Bill of Rights
What are the 8th and 14th Amendments
400
The view that certain behaviors must be outlawed or controlled, and that criminal law is designed to protect citizens from social harm
What is the Consensus View
400
The policy of focusing policing efforts on low level crimes to reduce fear in neighborhoods and prevent more serious crimes
What is Broken Windows Policing
400
Most criminal cases never go to trial and are resolved through a process called:
What is Plea Bargaining
400
The believe that punishment should be established in a way to help those who commit crimes for socio-economic reasons and by providing treatment and/or educational programs, future crime will be prevented
What is Rehabilitation
400
The 1972 U.S. Supreme Court ruling that held that it unconstitutional for Judges to have complete discretion to impose the death penalty as "arbitrary and capricious"
What is Furman v. Georgia
500
The view that law is the instrument that enables the wealthy to maintain their position of power and control the behavior of those who oppose their ideas and values, or who might rebel against unequal distribution of wealth
What is Conflict View
500
Policing policy that promotes interaction between officers and citizens, and gives offivers time to meet with local residents to talk about crime in the neighborhood, and to use personal initiative to solve problems
What is Community Policing or Community Oriented Policing
500
The only Court established in the US Constitution and has the final say on interpreting the US Constitution
What is the US Supreme Court
500
According to this goal of sentencing, the essential purpose of the criminal process is to punish offenders—fairly and justly—in a manner that is proportionate to the gravity of their crimes.
Offenders are punished simply and solely because they deserve to be disciplined for what they have done: “the punishment should fit the crime.”
What is Retribution or Just Deserts
500
The U.S. Supreme Court ruling that held it unconstitutional to sentence a Juvenile to death
What is Roper v. Simmons