Layers of the Earth
The solid, rocky layer on which we live.
What is the crust?
The positively charged particle found in an atom’s nucleus.
What is a proton?
The organized chart that arranges elements by atomic number and repeating chemical properties.
What is the periodic table?
Minerals form through regular Earth processes rather than being manufactured by humans
Minerals are naturally occurring
The star at the center of our solar system.
What is the Sun?
The thickest layer of Earth, located between the crust and the outer core.
What is the Mantle?
The negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus.
What is an electron?
A bond formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, creating oppositely charged ions.
What is an ionic bond?
A mineral must have a defined shape and volume
Minerals must be a solid substance
The planet known for it's prominent ring system.
What is Saturn?
The rigid outer layer made of the crust and the uppermost mantle.
What is the lithosphere?
This element at 17 protons and 18 Neutrons what are the Mass number and Atomic number?
Mass number: 35
Atomic number: 17
A bond formed when atoms share electrons.
What is a covalent bond?
Opal vs Halite
Halite has an orderly crystalline structure, while opal lacks a repeating crystal structure.
A huge collection of stars, gas dust and dark matter held together by gravity
What is a galaxy?
This layer is liquid and composed mostly of iron and nickel; its movement helps generate Earth’s magnetic field.
What is the outer core?
Atoms of the same element have different numbers of these particles, causing different mass numbers.
What are isotopes, which differ in their numbers of neutrons?
Sodium chloride forms when sodium transfers an electron to chlorine. The type of compound and bond involved are these
What are an ionic compound and an ionic bond?
Sugar vs Salt
which is inorganic and why?
Sugar is not a mineral because it naturally comes from sugar plants which are organic, while salt does not come from a natural or something that was once alive
The apparent backward movement of a planet across the sky
What is retrograde motion?
Although the inner core is extremely hot, immense pressure keeps it solid.
Why is the inner core solid while the outer core is liquid?
This is Sodium-22
What is thr name of the element with 11 protons and 12 neutrons?
Metallic bonding
What bond is created by two metals?
Synthetic diamonds and rubies, minerals or not minerals
They are not minerals because they are man made
A massive star explodes, briefly releasing enormous energy and creating or spreading many heavy elements.
What is a supernova?