Vocab 1
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is genetics?
Its what gives you the genes that give you your traits.
What is meiosis?
Form of cell division that results in half the number of chromosomes in gametes, results in an assortment of genetic material passed on to offspring.
What are spindle fibers?
Microtubules that guide the movement of chromosomes during cell division.
What is DNA replication
When new cells are created from pre-existing cells, the cell's DNA must be completely replicated.
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA located on a chromosome. A recipe for making a certain kind of protein.
What does inherited mean?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Whats a daughter cell?
Two genetically identical call created as a result of mitosis.
What is a centriole?
Cylindrical structure made up of microtubule that makes spindle fibers for cell division.
What is homologous chromosomes?
What is a chromosome?
DNA wrapped tightly around a protein/ histone.
What is a trait?
A distinguishing quality of characteristics of a person.
What is chromatin?
Thread-like form of DNA in the nucleus of the cell during interphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.
What is the cell cycle?
A series of events where the cell grows and divides.
What is crossing over?
Where the chromosomes switch their genetic information.
What is an allele?
Different forms of the same gene.
What is the base-pair rule?
Adenine ONLY pairs with Thymine
Cytosine ONLY pairs with Guanine
What is a centremere?
Structure that holds the sister chromatids together; point where chromosomes attach to spindle fibers during mitosis.
What is interphase?
The grows and makes a copy of its DNA. The cell separates its DNA into two sets and divides its cytoplasm, forming two new cells.
What does diploid mean?
Diploid means having two sets of chromosomes.
What is heredity?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
What is mitosis?
Mitosis is the part of the cell cycle in which the nucleus divides.
What does haploid mean?
Haploid means having four sets of chromosomes.
What is cytokinesis?
The chromosomes are split in half and the genetic material goes along with it. The new cell and existing cells create a new nucleus which is where the DNA is stored.
What is the third stage of mitosis?
Anaphase