Terms
This term describes the shared values, beliefs, norms, language, and practices of a group, and includes both material and nonmaterial elements.
What is culture?
These are the rules of behavior that guide how people are expected to act in society.
What are norms?
Conflict theorists see this as inherently unequal, reinforcing inequalities in gender, class, race, and age. Easy here, don't overthink.
What is culture?
This term refers to the act of implanting a convention or norm into society.
What is institutionalization?
This sociologist is known for developing the concept of dramaturgy, which views social life as a series of performances.
Who is Erving Goffman?
This term refers to the practice of judging others' cultures based on the standards and values of your own culture.
What is ethnocentrism?
These are ideals, principles, and standards that cultures hold in high regard, such as education and success.
What are values?
This refers to the cultural experiences and attitudes of the elite class in society, often associated with intellectualism, political power, and prestige.
What is high culture?
This type of society is dependent on its environment, where people rely on agriculture, hunting, and gathering for survival.
What is a preindustrial society?
This sociological theory emphasizes the importance of managing impressions and interpreting symbols in everyday interactions.
What is symbolic interactionism?
This term refers to the physical objects and artifacts that are linked to a culture, often symbolizing cultural ideas and beliefs.
What is material culture?
This system uses symbols like letters, pictographs, and gestures for communication.
What is language?
These are forms of social control used to encourage conformity to cultural norms.
What are sanctions?
These are large-scale societal structures that help organize and regulate behavior in key areas such as defense, law enforcement, health, and education.
What are institutions?
This early sociologist’s view of class societies heavily influenced conflict theory's explanation of stratification.
Who is Karl Marx?
These are patterns or traits that are globally common to all societies, regardless of location or culture.
What are cultural universals?
Patterns of behavior tied to a person’s social status, such as being a student, daughter, neighbor, or employee, are known as this.
What are roles?
Media institutions create, spread, and perpetuate this through commercial and social media outlets like TV, movies, and the internet.
What is popular culture?
This type of economy is based on information and services rather than material goods, with digital technology driving progress.
What is a post-industrial economy?
This theoretical perspective emphasizes the role of norms in maintaining social stability and order by ensuring individuals behave in predictable ways.
What is functionalism?
While norms can be visible, these less apparent rules of behavior help maintain social structure and order by guiding individuals on how they should act in society, often going unnoticed.
What are invisible norms?
According to this concept, society is created through human interaction and habitualization.
What is the Social Construction of Reality?
These are everyday customs and traditions that lack moral significance.
What are folkways?
Repeated actions that become patterns, which can be reused efficiently in the future, are referred to as this concept.
What is habitualization?
According to this, stratification results from lack of opportunity and discrimination, and is neither necessary nor inevitable.
What is the conflict perspective on stratification?