intro-1
any statement is either true or false
law of excluded middle
a term that is more general, broad or abstract than the original term
genus
a statement whose truth value can be determined from within the statement itself
self-supporting statement
a disagreement where 2 statements are inconsistent: they cannot both be true at the same time
Real disagreement
a DIAGRAM of the relationships between statements with the same subject and predicate
square of opposition
if a statement is true, then it is true
law of Identity
a term that is more specific, narrow or concrete than the original term
species
a statement that is always true by logical structure
tautology
a disagreement that results from a difference of opinion or perception (self-reports)
Apparent Disagreement
the science and art of reasoning well
logic
a statement cannot be both true and false
law of non-contradiction
the same of all the objects to which the term applies
extension
a statement that is false due to its logical structure
self-contradiction
a disagreement due to differing definitions for one or more words
Verbal disagreement
a word whose extent is unclear
vague
a word that has more than one definition
Ambiguous
the sum of all the common attributes of the term
intension
a statement whose truth value depends on evidence or information from outside itself
supported statement
identifies whether the statement is universal or particular
quantity
the term that describes something about the subject and is symbolized by the letter P
predicate
reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusion
deduction
a sentence that is either true or false
statement
two statements that imply each other - both statements must be true or both must be false, they must be equal
logically equivalent
identifies whether the statement is affirmative or negative
quality
a statement that affirms or denies something about the given subject - 4 types or forms (lesson 12)
categorical statement