Nervous System
The primary cell that builds all the structures of the nervous system
Name all structures of the entire nervous sytem
Brain, Spinal cord, and Nerves
what is the central nervous system made of?
brain and spinal cord
What does the Somatic divison of the nervous system conrol?
Voluntary movement of the body
what is the peripheral system made of?
nerves that branch off from the spinal cord.
what does PNS stand for?
peripheral nervous system
what does CNS stand for?
Central Nervous System
The division of your peripheral nervous system that is made up of the nerves that control involuntary body responses and functions.
Autonomic nervous sysytem
Name the tiiiiiiny empty space between dendrites of one neuron and axon terminals of the connecting neuron
Synapse
Name the function of the neurotransmsitter/hormone Adrenaline
Stress response, fight or flight, excites nervous system, fear response
Two subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System--and the function of each
Sympathetic "Fight of Flight" Parasympathetic Division- "rest and digest"
Name FOUR Functional parts of a neuron
1- cell body (soma) 2- dendrites 3- axon 4- myelin sheaths 5- axon terminals 6- nucleus
What structure functions like a highway and transmits nerve impulses from the body to the brain and from the brain to the body?
The spinal cord
What does a dendrite do?
Receives neurotransmitters from another neuron's axon terminal
There are approximately how many neurons in the human brain?
86 billion
The central nervous system is made of these organs
brain and spinal cord
What does an axon terminal hold inside small vessicles?
neurotransmitters
Name a neurotransmitter
Oxytocin, adrenaline, dopamine, GABA, melatonin
A sensory neuron connected to touch receptors in the skin sends nerve impulses to...
The central nervous system.
Neurons taking information back to your body are called what?
motor neurons/Efferent neurons
name 3 differences between the endocrine system and nervous system
the endocrine system: travels slower, in blood, wide spread and long lasting effects.
nervous system: travels fast, through nerves, targeted, quick/short effects
Explain what happens to an action potential when it reaches the axon terminal
What is the purpose of the myeline sheath?
insulates axon, protects and speeds up nervous impulse
Name 3 roles of the cerebrum
1. Higher order thinking
2. Emotions
3. Voluntary muscle movement
4. Senses
Explain a Reflex Arc
sensory impulse in to spinal cord
In response, an efferent signal is sent via a motor nerve to move the body to keep it safe.
This process bypasses the brain first...
Sends the signal to the brain after sending the motor signal to move