History and Philosophy
Dr. Adolf Meyer made an important connection between the _______ an individual engages and their overall ______ ________.
What are 3 keywords we may use to describe occupation?
purposeful, goal-directed, meaningful, activity, everyday, valued, organized
ADLs, IADLs, Health management, rest and sleep, education, work, play, leisure, and social participation are categorized as what?
Occupations in the OTPF-4
Occupational science explores occupation in its entirety without concern for ________ to the practice of OT.
application
What type of practice setting focuses on helping the client's medical needs or immediate loss of function?
Hospitals (acute care), outpatient clinics, home health agencies
What OT principle focuses on what is important to the client?
Client-centered practice
A therapist works with a client to address cognitive skills by working on a grocery list and planning a shopping trip for an upcoming birthday party. This i an example of occupation as...
Occupation as means. The occupation of making a grocery list and planning a shopping trip is an example of using an occupation as a treatment intervention/modality to address the performance component of cognitive skills.
Why is the OTPF-4 important?
-Reflects OT knowledge and expertise; our distinct values.
-Emphasizes the profession's history and focus on occupation.
-Aligns OT language with the WHO and ICF language
Occupational science studies the form, function, and ________ of engagement in __________.
meaning; occupations
A community mental health center, institution, supervised community based home, and long-term residential care center can have a focus on which sphere of practice?
Psychological: helping clients with psychological problems affecting their performance
What happened first?
1. A competency exam was required to become a registered OT.
2. The National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy was formed.
2. Established in 1917 by 6 key leaders and in 1921 became AOTA.
What approach is considered to be more aligned with the medical model?
Bottom-up approach; starts with performance components. Focus is on restoring and remediating deficits first.
What is a key term used to describe the following? Physical/social setting, attitudes, and surroundings
Context: can be environmental or personal factors
According to Occupational science, humans are viewed as what?
inherently occupational beings
Can you name 3 nontraditional settings in OT?
Correctional facility, industrial setting, hospice, community transition, aqua therapy, hippotherapy, senior centers, homeless centers
How would you describe the principle of culturally-relevant practice?
A patient who brings their guitar to the outpatient clinic in order to work with the OT on their goal of strumming, following healing of a distal finger amputation, is an example of occupation as...
Occupation as ends. The overall goal of the patient is to strum their guitar following the injury. The act of engaging in strumming the guitar during a treatment session is the functional goal- not specifically targeting performance components but the occupation of strumming the guitar.
What are the 5 domains of the OTPF-4?
Occupations, Contexts, Performance Patterns, Performance Skills, and Client Factors
What is the difference between an activity and an occupation according to occupational science?
An activity is a general action and an occupation is personalizing the action through meaning and a specific context.
What type of practice focuses on helping the client meet the expectations of society?
Sociological; schools, day treatment facilities, workshops
What OT principle focuses on using research to guide the "best care"?
Evidence-based practice
What approach starts with the occupation?
Top-down approach; more holistic and in a broader sense. Addressing roles and participation in everyday activities.
Why is it important to be clear about our domain?
-Ensure we are practicing within the scope of OT- knowledge base, expertise
-Clearly defines our role to others outside the profession of OT
-Protection of OT reimbursement and funding
American culture emphasizes ________. Other cultures often place a greater focus on _______.
According to the Kirby (2015) article they can ______.
independence; interdependence; co-exist
What are the 5 spheres of practice?
Biological, Psychological, Sociological, Non-traditional practice, Private practice