Week 1-2
is the study that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons, and principles which govern all things.
PHILOSOPHY
“I ______, therefore, I am. (cogito, ergo, sum).
THINK
Example of bias that analyze an event or issue based on one’s cultural standards
CULTURAL BIAS
For him, a human being is always composite of body and soul.
ARISTOTLE
A English poet who said , “No man is an island, entire of self; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main.”
John Donne
is a perspective that considers larger patterns or the bigger picture when looking at problems or situations
HOLISTIC THINKING
deals with the immediate or direct recognition of self-evident truths.
The faculty of intuition
These are the bases for making arguments and convincing people that a certain claim is a fact.
OPINIONS
It is the function which not only separates us from all other beings but also defines us as human beings.
This view considers man the most important species on the planet.
Anthropocentrism
It is an activity that requires a person to examine his or her thoughts, feelings, and actions and learn from experience.
REFLECTION
deals with the consistency of the truth of statements being claimed within the system that is being used or employed while correspondence theory of truth has to do with the correspondence of knowledge claims being made with the state of affairs in the world.
COHERENCE THEORY OF TRUTH
is a judgment based on certain facts.
CONCLUSION
His idea of a good life is ruled by reason. As the rational part knows what is good, it must be able to control and direct its appetitive and spirited parts.”
PLATO
This view believes that all organisms have inherent worth and should be valued and protected
BIOCENTRISM
It is a perspective that focuses on specific aspects of a situation.
PARTIAL THINKING/PERSPECTIVE
TWO LEVELS OF KNOWLEDGE ACCORDING TO PLATO'S DIVIDED LINE
noesis and dianoia
these are statements that express convictions that are not easily and clearly explained by facts.
BELIEFS
He establishes his own reality with the famous line: “I think, therefore, I am.”
RENE DESCARTES
is the discipline in the philosophy that studies the moral relationship of human beings with the environment and its non-human contents.
Environmental philosophy or environmental ethics
According to Isaiah Berlin, there are three characteristics of a philosophic question or problem.
- broad or general.
-no single methodology
- no practical utility.
This ascent of the soul from the world of opinion to the world of knowledge is called
Plato’s Divided Line
Example of fallacy that attacks the person presenting the argument instead of the argument itself
Aristotle considers things as composed of two co-principles, matter and form. In relation to the human being, __________________ is considered to be its form, while ___________________ is considered to be its matter.
Form;Matter
Three Major views regarding the relationship between humanity and the environment
• Anthropocentrism
• Biocentrism
• Ecocentrism