Therapy
Dr. Coleman is interested in how our thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are influenced by other people. Dr. Coleman must be studying:
a. interpersonal psychology
b. clinical psychology
c. social psychology
d. personality psychology
c. social psychology
63. Jesse suffers from sudden, unexplained “sleep attacks” during the day. Jesse may suffer from________:
a. sleep terror disorder
b. narcolepsy
c. sleepwalking
d. nightmare disorder
b. narcolepsy
54. A specific, testable prediction about what you expect to happen within a statistical study (such as a correlational study) is defined as which of the following terms?
a. theory c. description
b. hypothesis d. explanation
b. hypothesis
When new information (learned later) blocks or disrupts the retrieval of related old information (learned earlier) is called:
a. proactive interference c. accuracy
b. retroactive interference d. content
b. retroactive interference
The lasting contribution of client-centered therapy is the importance of:
a. developing a positive working relationship with the client
b. allowing transference to take place
c. directly giving advice to the client
d. free association
a. developing a positive working relationship with the client
52. Schizophrenia is characterized by:
a. a fear of public places
b. alternating periods of mania and depression
c. symptoms that interfere with personal or social functioning
d. feelings of pain that have no physical cause
c. symptoms that interfere with personal or social functioning
Rules of thumb or cognitive strategies are known as:
a. framings c. brainstorming
b. heuristics d. prototypes
b. heuristics
57. The best motivation for superior academic performance is having a:
a. high need for achievement
b. high fear of failure
c. very efficient self-handicapping strategy
d. reasonable excuse for occasional failure
a. high need for achievement
53. Freud used free association in psychoanalysis because he believed that:
a. the client’s constant talking would be relaxing and reduce anxiety
b. the associations would give clues to the unconscious cause of the problem
c. the associations could be used to change negative self-beliefs
d. the associations would ultimately lead to self-denial
b. the associations would give clues to the unconscious cause of the problem
61. Stacey believes that, ultimately, the causes of all types of mental disorders will be traced to imbalances in brain chemicals. This statement best represents which psychological perspective?
a. humanistic c. evolutionary
b. cognitive d. biological
d. biological
According to the textbook, what is the best explanation for a professional baseball player eating chicken every day that a game is scheduled?
a. superstitious behaviors
b. generalization
c. observational learning
d. discrimination
a. superstitious behaviors
58. The three parts of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome are:
a. perception, response, and recovery
b. perception, interpretation, and flight
c. alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
d. adaptation, exhaustion, and depletion
c. alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
73. “I just can’t decide. Do I want to vacation in the Caribbean or Hawaii? Both are great places.” This person is
experiencing an:
a. approach-approach conflict
b. active-active conflict
c. affect-effect conflict
d. approach-avoidance conflict
a. approach-approach conflict
You want to change the behavior of your roommate. You decide to reward his behaviors that you like and punish his behaviors that you do not like. You are using:
a. latent learning
b. cognitive learning
c. operant conditioning
d. classical conditioning
c. operant conditioning
68. Chris sings in a volunteer community chorus because he enjoys the feeling he gets when he masters a complicated piece of music. His behavior reflects:
a. self-handicapping strategy
b. intrinsic motivation
c. overjustification
d. extrinsic motivation
b. intrinsic motivation
The social security number 999-61-4374 may be best remembered as:
a. a single echoic sensation
c. an episodic experience
b. three chunks of information
d. an iconic image in sensory memory
b. three chunks of information
Alfredo is conducting an experiment on the effects of exercise on concentration. The independent variable is____ and the dependent variable is ____.
a. subjects; control group
b. experimental group; concentration
c. exercise; concentration
d. concentration; exercise
c. exercise; concentration
70. If you argue that early childhood experiences, repressed thoughts, and conflicts between conscious and unconscious forces influence our thoughts and behaviors, then you subscribe to the ____.
a. trait theory of personality
b. psychodynamic theory of personality
c. Big Five theory of personality
d. humanistic theory of personality
b. psychodynamic theory of personality
71. After being rejected by all the medical schools she applied to, Melanie developed a sad and dejected mood. She had difficulty sleeping, ate much less than normal, no longer took interest in the hobbies and activities that once gave her pleasure, and felt that she was worthless. Melanie would be diagnosed as suffering from:
a. bipolar I disorder
b. major depressive disorder
c. mania
d. dissociative disorder
b. major depressive disorder
Bethany has a mental age of 5. This means that she must:
a. be 5 years of age
b. have answered intelligence test items that could be answered by an average 5-year-old
c. have answered at least half of the intelligence items considered appropriate for the average 6-year-old
d. have an intelligence level that matches her chronological age
b. have answered intelligence test items that could be answered by an average 5-year-old
Chris is in counseling with a therapist who never gives advice or directions to him but who often restates what Chris has said so that he can reflect on his feelings. What type of therapist is Chris seeing?
a. client-centered/humanistic
c. cognitive
b. psychoanalytic
d. behavioral
a. client-centered/humanistic