Concepts
Variables
Graphs and Tables
Interpretation
Research Questions and Reporting
100
Like other symbols, this is an abstraction, a representation of an object, or one of that object's properties, or a behavioral phenomenon.
What is a concept
100
The properties or attributes that can be clearly identified and measured in some way and are used to convert concepts into empirical observations.
What are variables?
100
These are used in the reporting on variables as a visual representation of descriptive information about variables.
What are graphs?
100
The sum total of all observations divided by their number.
What is the mean?
100
A question or an issue that stimulates a response in the form of a structured scientific inquiry.
What is a research problem?
200
Definitions that describe concepts by using other concepts.
What are conceptual definitions?
200
The level of measurement in which numbers or other symbols are used to classify objects or events into categories that are names, classes of qualitative characteristics.
What is the nominal level?
200
A graph used to display the frequency distribution of interval or ratio-level data.
What is a histogram?
200
This is commonly used measure of variability whose size indicates the dispersion of a distribution.
What is the standard deviation?
200
Individuals, groups and institutions are examples of ____ __ _______.
What is the unit of analysis?
300
This describes a set of procedures a researcher can follow in order to establish the existence of the phenomena described by a concept. This is required when a phenomenon cannot be observed directly.
What is an operational definition?
300
The level of measurement at which all sets of observations generate a complete ranking of objects (e.g., from the "most" to the least"), although the distances between the ranks cannot be precisely measured.
What is the ordinal level?
300
A table in which two variables are cross-classifed
What is a bivariate table?
300
A _________ of two variables, is a table that shows the observations the two variables have in common.
What is a crosstab?
300
______ ________ enable researches to summarize and organized data in effective and meaningful ways.
What are descriptive statistics?
400
______ are used to infer the presence of concepts that cannot directly observed.
What are indicators?
400
The level of measurement at which the distances between observations are exact and can be precisely measured in constant units.
What is the interval level?
400
A graph used primarily to present data from categorical variables.
What is a bar graph?
400
This is used to reflect the direction and the strength of an association between variables.
What is the correlation coefficient?
400
A statement of no relationship between variables.
What is the null hypothesis?
500
The process by which responses are classified into meaningful categories.
What is coding?
500
The level of measurement at which variables have natural, absolute, and fixed zero points and has the property of internal equivalence within a group, relations in which one variable can be greater than another, and a fixed interval. These variables all for the most precise measuring instruments.
What is the ratio level?
500
A table used to report the categories of the variable and the number of observations in each.
What is a frequency distribution table?
500
The value of y (dependent variable) when x (independent variable) is 0.
What is the constant, or y intercept?
500
The probability level at which the researcher can be 95% sure that the null hypothesis is incorrect.
What is the .05 level?
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