Types of Groups
This is a collection of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time but do not share a meaningful connection.
Aggregate
This is the process of influencing others to achieve goals.
Leadership
This occurs when people go along with group pressure even if they disagree.
Conformity
This is a formal organization characterized by hierarchy, rules, and division of labor.
Bureaucracy
This is a group a person identifies with and feels loyalty toward.
In-Group
This term refers to people who share a similar characteristic but are not necessarily in interaction with one another.
Category
These leaders encourage group participation in decision making.
Democratic Leaders
This famous experiment demonstrated how individuals conform to group pressure even when the group is clearly wrong.
Asch Conformity Experiment
This concept refers to an ideal model used to compare real organizations, often associated with Max Weber.
Ideal Type
This is a group viewed as different or outside one’s own group.
Outgroup
This is a group consisting of only two members.
Dyad
These leaders make decisions alone and expect obedience from group members.
Authoritarian Leaders
This phenomenon occurs when a group values harmony over critical thinking, leading to poor decisions.
This term describes an excessive attachment to rules and procedures.
Bureaucratic Personality
This is a group that people use as a standard for evaluating themselves.
Reference Group
This three-person group is more stable than a dyad because if conflict occurs, one person can mediate.
Triad
These leaders take a hands-off approach and allow members to make decisions themselves.
Laissez-Faire Leaders
This theory argues that leadership in large organizations inevitably becomes concentrated in the hands of a few.
This refers to the unofficial relationships, norms, and networks within an organization.
Informal Side of Bureaucracy
This refers to the web of social relationships that connect individuals to one another.
Network
This is a small number of people who interact over time, share a sense of identity, and have expectations for members.
This type of leadership focuses on completing tasks and achieving goals efficiently.
Instrumental Leadership
This happens when rules become more important than the original goals of the organization.
Goal Displacement
In bureaucracies, this refers to decision-making based on efficiency and calculability.
Rationality
This type of leadership focuses on group morale, relationships, and emotional well-being.
Expressive Leadership