Intro to Animals
Animals that can move from place to place are called this.
Organisms capable of motion.
Motile
The science of naming and grouping species.
Taxonomy
A process by which organisms change over a period of time.
A theory coined by Charles Darwin.
Evolution
Snails, slugs, clams, octopi, squid
Phylum Mollusca
Part of a clam that allows it to burrow into mud or sand.
foot
Animals permanently attached to a surface are called this
An organism that is fixed in one place, or immobile.
Sessile
Linnaeus used this language for the names of the taxa, because this was the language of educated people and not an everyday language likely to change.
Latin
Systematics uses a ___________ _____ to show relationships thought to exist among groups of organisms.
Phylogenetic Tree
Sponges
Phylum Porifera
Bump on a clam where the youngest growth rings can be found.
Umbo
Animals are _____________, meaning they must consume other organisms to obtain energy and nutrients. Not to be confused with autotrophs like algae who make their own food using the sun.
Heterotrophic
The system of giving organisms a two-word scientific name, one being the genus and one being the species.
Binomial nomenclature
A chart (not to be confused with a phylogenetic tree) that uses certain features of organisms, called shared derived characters, to establish evolutionary relationships.
Cladogram
Insects, arachnids, crustaceans
Phylum Arthropoda
Muscles found on each side of a clam that help to hold the shell closed.
Adductor muscles
All animals are members of this Kingdom.
Kingdom Animalia
In the mid 1700s, this Swedish biologist developed a hierarchy (a ranking system) for classifying organisms that is the basis for modern taxonomy.
Carl Linnaeus
Scientists believe that life probably evolved from single-celled organisms called these.
Protists
Sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars
Phylum Echinodermata
Thin membrane surrounding the body of the clam that secretes the shell.
Mantle
Some animals are not considered sessile or motile, but are considered this, meaning they move very little.
Sedentary
Over 2000 years ago, this Greek philosopher and biologist was the first to classify organisms according to their structural similarities.
Aristotle
A tool that scientists use to determine the identity of items in that natural world, such as trees, wildflowers, mammals, reptiles, rocks, insects, and fish.
Dichotomous key
Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
Phylum Chordata
Structures that sort and guide food into a clam's mouth.
Labial palps or palps