Colonization
What was mercantilism?
An economic policy focused on accumulating wealth through trade.
How did religion motivate exploration?
To spread Christianity to new lands.
Name two countries that competed for colonies.
Spain and England.
What was the main trade good from Asia?
Spices.
Who was the first European to reach India?
Vasco da Gama.
Name one impact of colonization on native societies
Loss of land or culture.
What role did missionaries play in colonization?
They aimed to convert indigenous peoples to Christianity.
How did Portugal lead in exploration?
By developing advanced navigation techniques and establishing trade routes.
Name one technological advancement in exploration.
The compass or the astrolabe.
What was Columbus searching for?
A westward route to Asia.
How did European powers divide the Americas?
Through treaties like the Treaty of Tordesillas.
Name one effect of European diseases on natives.
Significant population decline among native peoples.
What was the rivalry between Spain and Portugal?
Competition for dominance in exploration and colonization.
How did trade routes impact Europe?
They increased wealth and competition among nations.
Name one reason countries sponsored exploration
To find new trade routes, spread Christianity, or gain wealth.
What were some products exchanged in the Columbian Exchange?
Corn, potatoes, horses, and diseases.
Describe the impact of the Reformation on exploration.
It led to competition between Catholic and Protestant nations.
How did exploration create competition?
Nations sought to claim new territories and resources.
A key trade route to Asia.
The Silk Road.
Who conquered the Aztecs?
Hernán Cortés.
How did exploration change people's worldview?
It expanded knowledge of geography and cultures.
What was the goal of the Jesuit missionaries?
To spread Catholicism and educate indigenous peoples.
What were the motives behind European exploration?
Economic gain, religious conversion, and national prestige.
What effect did the Columbian Exchange have?
It introduced new products and diseases between the Americas and Europe.
What was the significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
It divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal.