Definitions
Theory
An assumption that attempts to explain why or how things are related to each other.
Booking
The administrative recording of an arrest. Typically, the suspects name, charge, fingerprints, and photo are taken.
Actus Reus
Criminal conduct-specifically,intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm.
An immediate trial without jury?
Summary Trial
Felony
What is a major crime punishable more than a year
Dark Figure of Crime
The number of crimes not officially recorded by the police.
Probable Cause
A standard of proof that requires evidence sufficient to make a reasonable person believe that, more likely ot, the proposed action is justified.
Harm
The external consequence required to make an action a crime.
Monetary guarantee deposited with the court to ensure that suspects or defendants will appear at a later stage?
Bail
Crime
An intentional violation of the criminal law.
Atavist?
A person who reverts to a savage type.
Preliminary Hearing?
A pretrial stage at which a judge determine whether there a probable cause.
An estimate of crimes committed?
Crime Index
The seizing and detaining of a person by lawful authority?
Arrest
Defendant
a person whom legal action is brought against
Extinction?
A process in which behavior that previously was positively reinforced is no longer reinforced.
Undercriminalization?
The failure to prohibit some behaviors that arguably should be prohibited.
An act that is illegal for a juvenile but would not be a crime if committed by an adult?
Status Offense
A pretrial stage in which a defendant is brought before a lower court to be given notice of charges?
Initial Appearance
Grand Jury
group of citizens who meet to investigate charges coming from preliminary hearing
Social Control Theory?
A view in which people are expected to commit crime and delinquency unless they are prevented from doing so.
Nonenforcement?
The failure to routinely enforce prohibitions against certain behaviors.
Surveys in which subjects are asked whether they have committed crimes?
Self-report crime surveys
A smoothly operating set of arrangements and institutions
System
Parole
Conditional release of prisoners before they have served their full sentences