every living thing - plant or animal,microbe or human being - has a set of characteristics inherited from its parent or parents.
What is inheritance?
100
likelihood that a particular event will occur
What is probability?
100
states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes.
What is the principle of independent assortment?
100
process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
What is the process of meiosis?
100
diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome.
What is a gene map?
200
states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
What is does the principle of dominance state?
200
diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross.
What is a punnett square?
200
situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism.
What is codominance?
200
process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
What is crossing-over?
200
It is the chromosomes, however, that assort independently, not individual genes.
What structure assorts independently?
300
During gamete formation, alleles segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only a single copy of each gene. Each F1 plant produces two types of gametes—those with the allele for tallness and those with the allele for shortness.
What happens during segregation?
300
one is physical characteristics of an organism and the other is the
genetic makeup of an organism.
What is the difference between a phenotype and a genotype?
300
situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another.
What is incomplete dominance?
300
structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis.
What is tetrad?
300
By luck, or by design, six of the seven genes he studied are on different chromosomes. The two genes that are found on the same chromosome are so far apart that they also assort independently.
How did Mendel manage to miss gene linkage?
400
term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate.
What is true-breeding?
400
term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.
What is homozygous?
400
trait controlled by two or more genes.
What is a polygenic trait?
400
The two cells produced by meiosis I now enter a second meiotic division.
What is meiosis 2?
400
shows the relative locations of genes on a chromosome.
What does a gene map show?
500
process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell.
What is fertilization?
500
can be used to predict and compare the genetic variations that will result from a cross.
What is a way punnett squares can be used?
500
three or more alleles of the same gene.
What is multiple alleles?
500
Mitosis results in the production of two genetically identical diploid cells, whereas meiosis produces four genetically different haploid cells.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
500
a student who wondered if rates of crossing-over between genes in meiosis might be a clue to something important. reasoned that the farther apart two genes were, the more likely they were to be separated by a crossover in meiosis.