General
Experiments
Sampling Methods
Ethics
Research Methods
100
Psychology is the (blank) study of human behaviour and mental processes. (what word goes in the blank space?)
Psychology is the SCIENTIFIC study of human behaviour and mental processes.
100
What is the name of the variable that is measured in a study?
The dependent variable.
100

Every member of the target population has an equal chance of becoming part of the sample

Random Sampling

100

Researchers should discuss the aims of the research with the participants, making sure they understand how their participation contributed to the completion of these aims. Any deception should be disclosed, explained, and justified.

Debriefing

100
The group in an experiment that receives a treatment that is expected to have an effect is called the ....(what)... group?
Treatment group
200
Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and ...?
mental process / cognitive processes / cognition / internal processes (any of these terms is fine).
200
What is the name of the variable that is manipulated by the researcher/s in a study?
Independent variable
200

Participants are recruited and volunteer to take part in a study

Self-selected sampling

200

Participants should have the right to stop participation in the study at any time, with no consequences. No attempt should be made to encourage or persuade them to continue.

Withdrawal

200
What is it called when you give someone a treatment (e.g. pill or injection) that has no biological effects, but may have an effect if the person believes it will?
A placebo.
300
In psychology, is anecdotal or empirical evidence more valuable?
Empirical
300
What is the name given to a variable that might affect the dependent variable, but is not what the researchers are interested in studying?
Extraneous variable.
300

Students are approached during lunch and asked to complete a survey

Opportunity / Convenience sampling

300

 Information must be made available to participants that will allow them to decide whether or not they would like to participate in the study. Participants must agree before participation begins.

Informed Consent

300

A member of the research team who pretends to be a participant is called...

a confederate

400
In the scientific approach to studying psychology, after we gather data and form a hypothesis, what's the next step?
Test the hypothesis.
400
Why are laboratory experiments used to investigate causational relationships?
Because extraneous variables can be controlled in a laboratory, so the IV can be isolated as the only variable influencing the DV.
400

Participants are paired based on a specific variable and then compared

Matched pairs

400

Information is withheld from participants or they are mislead about the purpose of the study and what will happen during the study.

Deception

400

Researchers arrange for an actor to fall down in the street, appearing ill. They are interested in whether the passers will stop to help more often if the actor is dressed formally or casually.

What is the independent variable in this study?

The attire (formal or casual) of the actor.

500
What is the difference between a mental process and a cognitive process?
There is none.
500

What three things must be true for researchers to be able to infer causality in an experiment?

1) manipulated independent variable

2) random allocation

3) controlled conditions

500

Participants are recruited in a way that keeps the distribution of key characteristics in a sample the same as is observed in the population

Stratified sampling

500

All participant information should be disguised so that it is impossible to determine the identity of individuals or groups who participated in the study.

Anonymity

500

Researchers arrange for an actor to fall down in the street, appearing ill. They are interested in whether the passers will stop to help more often if the actor is dressed formally or casually.

What is the dependent variable in this study?

How often passers stop to help the actor.

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