Historically Speaking
This city became the center of the Philippine government during the Spanish colonial period.
Manila
This mythical creature is said to have a long tongue, sharp teeth, and a taste for human blood.
Aswang
Both the Spanish and American colonial governments introduced systems of education that significantly influenced this language's development in the Philippines.
English
Known as the “Brains of the Revolution,” he served as Aguinaldo's chief adviser despite being unable to walk.
Apolinario Mabini
This large mammal is recognized as the national land animal of the Philippines.
Carabao
This 1898 treaty ended the Spanish-American War and transferred the Philippines to the United States.
Treaty of Paris
This traditional Filipino martial art uses weapons such as rattan sticks and blades.
Arnis
The Philippines has experienced multiple periods of authoritarian rule and political upheaval. This 1986 event peacefully ended Ferdinand Marcos Sr.'s presidency and restored democratic government.
People Power Revolution
She continued the fight against the Spanish after her husband, Diego Silang, was assassinated.
Gabriela Silang
This national symbol appears on the Philippine flag and represents the country's three main island groups.
Three Stars
On September 1, 1901, this Filipino revolutionary leader was captured in Palanan, Isabela after being betrayed by his own men.
Emilio Aguinaldo
This traditional Ifugao rice terrace system is often called the “Eighth Wonder of the World” and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Banaue Rice Terraces
The execution of GOMBURZA in 1872 influenced Jose Rizal's generation. Rizal's execution in 1896, in turn, helped inspire this revolutionary organization.
This Filipino priest was executed alongside Mariano Gomez and Jacinto Zamora and became a symbol of Filipino nationalism.
Jose Burgos
The lyrics of the Philippine national anthem were later written by this Filipino poet and revolutionary.
Jose Palma
This Filipino president was captured by Japanese forces in 1942 but famously continued to lead the Commonwealth government from exile.
Manuel Quezon
This precolonial Philippine writing system is often confused with “Alibata,” although “Alibata” is not the historical name used for the script. What is the correct name?
Baybayin
The 1899 Malolos Constitution established a Philippine republic. Decades later, the 1935 Constitution established another Filipino-led government. What was the name of the government created by the 1935 Constitution?
Commonwealth
This Filipino revolutionary leader from Bohol was one of the major commanders who resisted American forces during the Philippine-American War.
Miguel Malvar
This Filipino National Artist for Literature wrote Florante at Laura, one of the most important works of 19th-century Filipino literature.
Francisco Balagtas
This 1899 battle is famous for the death of Gregorio del Pilar while defending a strategic mountain pass in Ilocos Sur.
Battle of Tirad Pass
This famous Filipino saying literally refers to helping one another carry a heavy load, but has become a symbol of Filipino community spirit.
Bayanihan
The Spanish colonial government used forced labor through polo y servicios. During World War II, Filipinos were again subjected to forced labor under a different occupying power. Which country imposed the latter system?
Japan
This revolutionary woman from Panay became the first woman in the Philippines to hold the rank of general and fought during the Philippine-American War.
Teresa Magbanua
The original title of the Philippine national anthem was not “Lupang Hinirang.” What was its original Spanish title?
Marcha Nacional Filipina