Properties of Matter
Is reflectivity a property of matter?
Yes! Reflectivity is the ability of matter to reflect light.
What are the 3 most common states of mater?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What is the smallest unit of matter?
An atom
What is a physical change?
The matter changes form but the chemical identity remains the same.
True or False:
Color change is an example of a chemical change.
True
What is buoyancy?
Buoyancy is the property of whether an object sinks or floats.
What is the name of the process when liquid turns into gas?
Evaporation
What is a mixture?
A combination of 2 types of matter combined together- each type keeps its own properties.
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
a. Burning a piece of paper
b. Melting an ice cube
c. Baking a cake
d. Rust forming on metal
Melting an ice cube: the ice changes from solid to liquid, but it’s still water — no new substance forms.
Which process is a chemical change?
a. Freezing water
b. Boiling water
c. Cutting wood
d. Burning wood
Burning wood
Which of the following cannot be used to identify a piece of matter?
Hardness, Electrical conductivity, Color, or Size.
Size. Hardness, electrical conductivity, and color all describe characteristics that are unique to a certain material. Size can change without the identity of the substance changing.
Which state of matter has an indefinite volume and shape in which the particles move around freely and expand to fill any container?
Gas.
Give an example of a scenario that can be used to explain the presence of particles in air.
A ballon- deflated and expanded.
Is a crushed or uncrushed aluminum can heavier?
Neither! Conservation of matter means that they will both be the same.
When substances undergo a chemical change, a new substance is formed; however, no matter is gained or lost, and the total weight of matter is conserved.
True or False?
True!
A scientist has two clear, colorless liquids that look identical. Which property would be the best to test to find out if they are the same substance?
a. Volume
b. Temperature
c. Boiling point
d. Shape
Boiling point. The boiling point is a characteristic property — it doesn’t change no matter how much you have, so it helps identify a substance.
What property of gases does the following scenario describe?
A sealed syringe is filled halfway with air and the plunger is pushed in.
Gases can be compressed because their particles are far apart and move freely.
True or false?
An element is matter that is made up of different kinds of atoms.
False
What is the opposite of evaporation?
Condensation.
What is formed when water and oxygen in the air interact with iron?
Rust.
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is the amount of matter an object is made up of. Weight is determined by a scale and accounts for Earth's gravity.
Why does ice float in water?
Water has a lower density in solid state than in liquid state (pg20 in textbook).
Which of the following is an element?
a. Salt (NaCl)
b. Water (H₂O)
c. Oxygen (O₂)
d. Sugar (C₆H₁₂O₆)
Oxygen- An element is made of only one kind of atom.
Chocolate is left in a warm room and it turns soft and gooey, but it is still chocolate. What process is this an example of?
Melting
What is the name of a solid that forms from the combination of 2 solutions?
Precipitate