Ions
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Ionic vs. Covalent
Periodic Table
100
Why do atoms give or take electrons? Why do they do that?
To have a full outer energy level.
100
Ionic bonds form between ______ & ______.
Metals and Nonmetals
100
Covalent Bonds form between ______ & ______.
Nonmetals & Nonmetals
100
What is the difference between ionic and covalent compounds as far as electrons are concerned?
Atoms in ionic compounds transfer electrons to each other, and in covalent compounds the atoms share electrons
100
Why don't the noble gases bond with other elements?
They have full valence shells.
200
Do metals tend to give away or take valence electrons?
Give away
200
Draw the lewis dot structure for Sodium Sulfide.
200
Draw the lewis dot structure of a covalent compounds that is composed of Oxygen & Flourine
200
Do ionic compounds have a low or high melting point?
High melting point.
(It takes a lot of energy to break ionic bonds)
200
How many valence electrons does sulfur have?
6 valence electrons
300
Why does an ion of Magnesium (#12) have a 2+ charge?
Magnesium ions have two more protons than they do electrons.
300
How many ions of Potassium (#19) will there be in an ionic bond between Potassium and Nitrogen (#7)?
3
300
How many bonds (sharing of 2 e-) will there be between two Oxygen atoms?
2 bonds (see below)
300
When dissolved in water, are covalent compounds good or poor conductors?
Poor
300
What two elements don't need 8 valence electrons?
Hydrogen and Helium.
400
What charge would an ion of Nitrogen (#7) have?
-3
400
What holds the atoms in ionic bonds together?
The ion's opposite charges.
Ex. Na+ and F-...the opposite charges make the ions "stick" together.
400
In a (an) _______________, electrons are shared.
Covalent bond
400
Why is the melting point of covalent compounds so low?
Atoms in covalent compounds have to share electrons, this means they do not have 8 valence e- to themselves (ie. not 100% "happy"). Thus, it does not take much energy to break their bond.
400
Why is carbon considered the backbone element?
Because it can make up to four bonds, which is the most an element can make.
500
An atom that has lost or gained electrons becomes a (an) _______.
ion
500
True or False?
Chlorine (#17) can form an ionic bond with all group 1 elements.
False - Hydrogen is a nonmetal and will form a covalent bond with Chlorine
500
What holds the atoms in covalent bonds together?
The shared electrons are attached to BOTH nuclei
500
Why do ionic compounds conduct when dissolved in water?
Water separates the ionic compound into it's two ions. The ions are charged particles, and will conduct electricity in water.
500
OH- means what?
That it's a negative ion, so O has 7 valence electrons instead of 6