Molecular Geometry
What is a bonded pair
2 electrons shared by two atoms
how is molecular polarity determined
by the shape of a molecule
dipole dipole interactions involve polar or nonpolar molecules
polar
halogens have how many valence electrons
seven
what do covalent bond result in
formation of molecules
what is a anion
negative ion: has additional electrons
what is intermolecular forces
forces of attraction between molecules
what does dipole mean
opposite charges separated by a short distance
what are lewis dot structures for ionic bond have
have brackets and charges because atoms are losing and gaining electrons
what is a graphene structure
single layer of graphite
what is cation
positive ion: has fewer electron
what is bond polarity
determine how electrons are shared
what helps neutral atoms and molecules attract each other
momentary dipoles
noble gases have how many valence electrons
eight
what are giant covalent structures
made of regular lattice of covalently bonded atoms
What is the octet rule
Atoms will share electrons so that they have 8 electrons in their outer shell
what IS polarity
having an indicated pole
what are the three types of molecular forces
london dispersion, dipole - dipole, hydrogen bonding
what is the lewis dot structure
diagram of a molecule using dots to represent valence electrons
how is a covalent bond formed
when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms
what does VSEPR stand for
valence shell electron pair repulsion
what are all six molecular shapes
linear, trigonal planar, bent, tetrahedral, pyramid
what causes a london dispersion force to occur between two atoms or molecules
constant motion of electrons creating momentary dipoles
what are lewis dot structures for covalent bond for
show how atoms share the valence electrons
what is covalent bonding
when non metals share electrons for full outermost shell